Schwartz G E, Fair P L, Salt P, Mandel M R, Klerman G L
Psychosom Med. 1976 Sep-Oct;38(5):337-47. doi: 10.1097/00006842-197609000-00006.
When subjects are instructed to self-generate happy, sad, and angry imagery, discrete patterns of facial muscle activity can be detected using electromyographic (EMG) procedures. Prior research from this laboratory suggests that depressed subjects show attenuated facial EMG patterns during imagery conditions, particularly during happy imagery. In the present experiment, 12 depressed subjects and 12 matched normals were requested to generate happy and sad imagery, first with the instruction to simply "think" about the imagery, and then to self-regulate the affective state by "reexperiencing the feelings" associated with the imagery. Continuous recordings of facial EMG were obtained from the corrugator, zygomatic major, depressor anguli oris, and mentalis muscle regions. It was hypothesized that (a) these muscle sites would reliably differentiate between happy and sad imagery. (b) the instruction to self-generate the affective feeling state would produce greater EMG differences than the "think" instructions, and (c) the "think" instructions would be a more sensitive indicator of the difference between depressed and nondepressed subjects, especially for happy imagery. All three hypotheses were confirmed. The application of facial electromyography to the assessment of normal and clinical mood states, and the role of facial muscle patterning in the subjective experience of emotion, are discussed.
当受试者被指示自行生成快乐、悲伤和愤怒的意象时，使用肌电图（EMG）程序可以检测到面部肌肉活动的离散模式。该实验室之前的研究表明，抑郁症患者在意象条件下，尤其是在快乐意象期间，面部肌电图模式会减弱。在本实验中，12名抑郁症患者和12名匹配的正常人被要求生成快乐和悲伤的意象，首先是按照简单“思考”意象的指示，然后通过“重新体验与意象相关的感受”来自我调节情感状态。从皱眉肌、颧大肌、降口角肌和颏肌区域获得面部肌电图的连续记录。研究假设如下：（a）这些肌肉部位能够可靠地区分快乐和悲伤的意象；（b）自行生成情感感受状态的指示比“思考”指示产生更大的肌电图差异；（c）“思考”指示对于抑郁症患者和非抑郁症患者之间的差异是一个更敏感的指标，尤其是对于快乐意象。所有这三个假设都得到了证实。文中还讨论了面部肌电图在正常和临床情绪状态评估中的应用，以及面部肌肉模式在情绪主观体验中的作用。
