[口服避孕药与子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌]
[Oral contraceptives and endometrial and ovarian carcinomas].
作者信息
Medl M
机构信息
Gynäkologisch-geburtshilfliche Abteilung, Krankenhaus Lainz, Wien, Osterreich.
出版信息
Gynakol Geburtshilfliche Rundsch. 1998;38(2):105-8. doi: 10.1159/000022244.
Combined oral contraceptives reduce the risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer by about 50%. The risk of both carcinomas decreases with an increasing duration of oral contraceptive use. The reduced risk lasts for 10-15 years after cessation. A significantly lower risk of developing an endometrial carcinoma can be observed for contraceptives with a high progestin and a low estrogen concentration. Due to the protective effect, the use of oral contraceptives is a useful means for primary prevention (chemoprevention) in women at high risk of endometrial and ovarian cancers.
复方口服避孕药可将子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌的风险降低约50%。这两种癌症的风险会随着口服避孕药使用时间的延长而降低。停药后，风险降低的状态可持续10至15年。对于孕激素含量高、雌激素含量低的避孕药，可观察到患子宫内膜癌的风险显著降低。由于其保护作用，口服避孕药的使用是对子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌高危女性进行一级预防（化学预防）的一种有用手段。
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