Rosekrans J A
Pediatric Emergency Service, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Mayo Clin Proc. 1998 Nov;73(11):1102-6; discussion 1107. doi: 10.4065/73.11.1102.
Viral croup, a common illness in children, manifests with noisy, labored breathing. Parainfluenza viruses are the most common cause of croup; however, other causes including epiglottitis and bacterial tracheitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis. The diagnosis is primarily based on clinical findings; imaging studies may be useful in selected cases. Although most children recover from this self-limited illness with only minimal medical intervention, some are severely affected by laryngeal swelling and require respiratory support with analgesics, cool mist, corticosteroids, nebulized epinephrine, heliox, and, rarely, intubation. In this article, the current diagnostic and management strategies for viral croup are summarized.
病毒性喉炎是儿童常见疾病，表现为呼吸嘈杂、费力。副流感病毒是喉炎最常见的病因；然而，鉴别诊断时应考虑其他病因，包括会厌炎和细菌性气管炎。诊断主要基于临床表现；影像学检查在某些特定病例中可能有用。尽管大多数儿童仅需极少的医疗干预就能从这种自限性疾病中康复，但有些儿童会受到喉部肿胀的严重影响，需要使用镇痛药、冷雾、皮质类固醇、雾化肾上腺素、氦氧混合气进行呼吸支持，很少情况下还需要插管。本文总结了目前病毒性喉炎的诊断和管理策略。
