Ebert D
Universität Basel, Zoologisches Institut, Rheinsprung 9, 4051 Basel, Switzerland.
Science. 1998 Nov 20;282(5393):1432-5. doi: 10.1126/science.282.5393.1432.
Serial passage experiments are a form of experimental evolution that is frequently used in applied sciences; for example, in vaccine development. During these experiments, molecular and phenotypic evolution can be monitored in real time, providing insights into the causes and consequences of parasite evolution. Within-host competition generally drives an increase in a parasite's virulence in a new host, whereas the parasite becomes avirulent to its former host, indicating a trade-off between parasite fitnesses on different hosts. Understanding why parasite virulence seldom escalates similarly in natural populations could help us to manage virulence and deal with emerging diseases.
连续传代实验是一种实验进化形式，常用于应用科学领域，例如疫苗研发。在这些实验过程中，可以实时监测分子和表型进化，从而深入了解寄生虫进化的原因和后果。宿主体内的竞争通常会促使寄生虫在新宿主中的毒力增强，而对其先前的宿主则变得无毒，这表明在不同宿主上寄生虫的适应性之间存在权衡。弄清楚为什么寄生虫的毒力在自然种群中很少以类似的方式升级，有助于我们控制毒力并应对新出现的疾病。
