Vorauer J D, Main K J, O'Connell G B
Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998 Oct;75(4):917-37. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.75.4.917.
Three studies demonstrated that meta-stereotypes held by members of dominant groups about how their group is viewed by a lower status group have important implications for intergroup relations. Study 1 confirmed that White Canadians hold a shared negative meta-stereotype about how they are viewed by Aboriginal Canadians; Studies 2 and 3 extended these results to people's beliefs about an individual out-group member's impressions of them. Feeling stereotyped was associated with negative emotions about intergroup interaction as well as decreases in current self-esteem and self-concept clarity. The perceptions of low- and high-prejudiced persons (LPs and HPs) diverged in a manner consistent with their distinct personal values and group identifications. LPs held a more negative meta-stereotype than did HPs. However, in a one-on-one interaction, HPs sensed that they were stereotyped, whereas LPs felt that they conveyed a counterstereotypical impression.
三项研究表明，优势群体成员对地位较低群体如何看待他们群体所持有的元刻板印象，对群体间关系具有重要影响。研究1证实，加拿大白人对加拿大原住民如何看待他们持有共同的负面元刻板印象；研究2和研究3将这些结果扩展到人们对个体外群体成员对他们印象的信念上。感觉被刻板印象化与对群体间互动的负面情绪以及当前自尊和自我概念清晰度的下降有关。低偏见者和高偏见者（LPs和HPs）的认知以与其独特的个人价值观和群体认同相一致的方式出现分歧。低偏见者比高偏见者持有更负面的元刻板印象。然而，在一对一的互动中，高偏见者感觉到他们被刻板印象化，而低偏见者觉得他们传达了一种反刻板印象的印象。
