Truyen U, Müller T, Heidrich R, Tackmann K, Carmichael L E
Institute for Medical Microbiology, Infectious and Epidemic Diseases, University of Munich, Germany.
Epidemiol Infect. 1998 Oct;121(2):433-40. doi: 10.1017/s0950268898001319.
The seroprevalence of canine parvovirus (CPV), canine distemper virus (CDV), canine adenovirus (CAV) and canine herpesvirus (CHV) infections in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) was determined in fox sera collected between 1991 and 1995. A total of 500 sera were selected and the seroprevalences were estimated to be 13% (65 of 500 sera) for CPV, 4.4% (17 of 383 sera) for CDV, 35% (17 of 485 sera) for CAV, and 0.4% (2 of 485 sera) for CHV, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two (rural and suburban) areas under study. Parvovirus DNA sequences were amplified from tissues of free-ranging foxes and compared to those of prototype viruses from dogs and cats. We report here a parvovirus sequence indicative of a true intermediate between the feline panleukopenia virus-like viruses and the canine parvovirus-like viruses. The red fox parvoviral sequence, therefore, appears to represent a link between those viral groups. The DNA sequence together with a significant seroprevalence of parvovirus infections in foxes supports the hypothesis that the sudden emergence of canine parvovirus in the domestic dog population may have involved the interspecies transmission between wild and domestic carnivores.
1991年至1995年期间收集的狐狸血清用于确定赤狐（赤狐属）中犬细小病毒（CPV）、犬瘟热病毒（CDV）、犬腺病毒（CAV）和犬疱疹病毒（CHV）感染的血清阳性率。共选择了500份血清，估计CPV的血清阳性率为13%（500份血清中的65份），CDV为4.4%（383份血清中的17份），CAV为35%（485份血清中的17份），CHV为0.4%（485份血清中的2份）。在研究的两个（农村和郊区）地区之间未观察到统计学上的显著差异。从自由放养狐狸的组织中扩增出细小病毒DNA序列，并与来自犬和猫的原型病毒的序列进行比较。我们在此报告一个细小病毒序列，它表明在猫泛白细胞减少症病毒样病毒和犬细小病毒样病毒之间存在真正的中间类型。因此，赤狐细小病毒序列似乎代表了这些病毒群体之间的联系。该DNA序列以及狐狸中细小病毒感染的显著血清阳性率支持了这样一种假设，即家犬群体中犬细小病毒的突然出现可能涉及野生和家养食肉动物之间的种间传播。
