Lachance M A, Rosa C A, Starmer W T, Schlag-Edler B, Barker J S, Bowles J M
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1998 Oct;48 Pt 4:1431-43. doi: 10.1099/00207713-48-4-1431.
Five new yeast species, Wickerhamiella australiensis, Wickerhamiella cacticola, Wickerhamiella occidentalis, Candida drosophilae and Candida lipophila, are described to accommodate isolates recovered from flowers and floricolous insects of Australian Hibiscus trees, cosmopolitan morning glories (Ipomoea spp.) and Brazilian cereoid cacti. The new Wickerhamiella species are heterothallic, occur in the haploid condition and are clearly separated reproductively from one another. Although they exhibit little physiological variation, they are easily delineated from Wickerhamiella domercqiae, the only species known previously, by their resistance to cycloheximide and the production of strong extracellular lipases. C. drosophilae and C. lipophila share the latter property, but unlike the Wickerhamiella species, they fail to utilize nitrate as sole nitrogen source. PFGE indicates that these yeasts have an unusually low number of chromosomes. The large-subunit rDNA (D1/D2) sequences demonstrate a close relationship between the five species and Candida vanderwaltii and Candida azyma. Their relationship with W. domercqiae is more distant, but all share, with some other Candida species, a single monophyletic clade. The type and isotype strains are as follows: W. australiensis strains UWO(PS)95-604.3T (h+; CBS 8456T) and UWO(PS)95-631.3I (h-; CBS 8457I); W. cacticola strains UFMG96-267T (h+; CBS 8454T) and UFMG96-381I (h-; CBS 8455I); W. occidentalis strains UWO(PS)91-698.4T (h+; CBS 8452T) and UFMG96-212I (h-; CBS 8453I); C. drosophilae UWO(PS)91-716.3T (CBS 8459T); and C. lipophila UWO(PS)91-681.3T (CBS 8458T).
描述了五个新的酵母物种，即澳大利亚威克汉姆酵母（Wickerhamiella australiensis）、仙人掌威克汉姆酵母（Wickerhamiella cacticola）、西方威克汉姆酵母（Wickerhamiella occidentalis）、果蝇假丝酵母（Candida drosophilae）和嗜脂假丝酵母（Candida lipophila），以容纳从澳大利亚木槿树的花朵和花栖昆虫、世界性的牵牛花（番薯属物种）以及巴西肉质仙人掌中分离得到的菌株。新的威克汉姆酵母物种是异宗配合的，以单倍体状态存在，并且在生殖上彼此明显分离。尽管它们在生理上几乎没有差异，但通过对放线菌酮的抗性和强大的细胞外脂肪酶的产生，它们很容易与之前已知的唯一物种多默克威克汉姆酵母（Wickerhamiella domercqiae）区分开来。果蝇假丝酵母和嗜脂假丝酵母具有后一种特性，但与威克汉姆酵母物种不同的是，它们不能利用硝酸盐作为唯一氮源。脉冲场凝胶电泳表明这些酵母的染色体数量异常少。大亚基rDNA（D1/D2）序列显示这五个物种与范德瓦尔特假丝酵母（Candida vanderwaltii）和阿齐马假丝酵母（Candida azyma）关系密切。它们与多默克威克汉姆酵母的关系较远，但与其他一些假丝酵母物种一样，都属于一个单系分支。模式菌株和同模式菌株如下：澳大利亚威克汉姆酵母菌株UWO(PS)95 - 604.3T（h+；CBS 8456T）和UWO(PS)95 - 631.3I（h-；CBS 8457I）；仙人掌威克汉姆酵母菌株UFMG96 - 267T（h+；CBS 8454T）和UFMG96 - 381I（h-；CBS 8455I）；西方威克汉姆酵母菌株UWO(PS)91 - 698.4T（h+；CBS 8452T）和UFMG96 - 212I（h-；CBS 8453I）；果蝇假丝酵母UWO(PS)91 - 716.3T（CBS 8459T）；嗜脂假丝酵母UWO(PS)91 - 681.3T（CBS 8458T）。
