Killewo J Z, Kwesigabo G, Comoro C, Lugalla J, Mhalu F S, Biberfeld G, Wall S, Sandström A
Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
AIDS Care. 1998 Aug;10(4):431-9. doi: 10.1080/09540129850123966.
A pilot study on acceptability of voluntary HIV testing with counselling was performed in a rural village in Kagera, Tanzania as a potential intervention against HIV transmission. Village residents were prepared by their leaders and subsequently invited to health education group meetings to volunteer for the test. Consenting individuals were interviewed to determine awareness and acceptance of the offer followed by pre-test counselling and taking of a blood sample for subsequent HIV testing. Two months later, the results of the test were returned with post-test counselling coupled with a short interview of a random sample of adults in the village. Of the 245 adults responding to the call, 137 (55.9%) subsequently volunteered. The main reason for volunteering was to know the HIV status (96%). Among those who were aware of the offer, the main reason for not volunteering was that they felt unlikely to catch AIDS, implying that they had a false perception of being at low risk. In this study a significant proportion were willing to volunteer for the HIV test and to receive the results, indicating a moderate level of acceptability. The results also indicate the need for developing innovative ways of enhancing acceptability of voluntary HIV testing with counselling. However, the relationship between knowledge of HIV status and behavioural change is complex and therefore several potential mechanisms may exist by which HIV testing in combination with counselling can influence behaviour. For this reason, people should be given the choice of knowing their HIV status since it may constitute a potential mechanism for influencing behaviour towards reduction of HIV transmission.
在坦桑尼亚卡盖拉的一个乡村开展了一项关于自愿接受艾滋病病毒检测并接受咨询服务可接受性的试点研究，将其作为预防艾滋病病毒传播的一项潜在干预措施。村民们由其领导人做好准备工作，随后被邀请参加健康教育小组会议，以自愿接受检测。对同意接受检测的人进行访谈，以确定他们对该提议的知晓情况和接受程度，随后进行检测前咨询，并采集血样用于后续的艾滋病病毒检测。两个月后，将检测结果反馈给受检者，并提供检测后咨询，同时对村里的成年随机样本进行简短访谈。在响应号召的245名成年人中，有137人（55.9%）随后自愿接受了检测。自愿接受检测的主要原因是想了解自己的艾滋病病毒感染状况（96%）。在知晓该提议的人群中，不自愿接受检测的主要原因是他们觉得自己不太可能感染艾滋病，这意味着他们对自身低风险存在错误认知。在这项研究中，有很大一部分人愿意自愿接受艾滋病病毒检测并了解检测结果，表明可接受程度处于中等水平。研究结果还表明，需要探索创新方法来提高自愿接受艾滋病病毒检测并接受咨询服务的可接受性。然而，了解艾滋病病毒感染状况与行为改变之间的关系很复杂，因此，艾滋病病毒检测与咨询相结合可能通过多种潜在机制影响行为。出于这个原因，应该让人们有选择了解自己艾滋病病毒感染状况的权利，因为这可能是影响行为以减少艾滋病病毒传播的一个潜在机制。
