al-Mihanna A A, Salama A K, Abdalla M Y
Plant Protection Department, College of Agric. & Vet. Med., King Saud University, Qassim Branch, Bureidah, Saudi Arabia.
J Environ Sci Health B. 1998 Nov;33(6):693-704. doi: 10.1080/03601239809373173.
Biodegradation of chlorpyrifos was studied in liquid culture media amended with either single or combined eight different plant pathogenic fungi isolated from the continuous cropping wheat fields. The average recovery of chlorpyrifos from the liquid media was found to be 86.1%. The detection limit of chlorpyrifos by the analytical method used was 19 ppb. Data showed that the growth of mixed fungi at concentrations up to 200 ppm of chlorpyrifos was higher than in the control treatment. Chlorpyrifos concentrations declined in the medium of combined fungi more than it did in the medium of any single fungus with increase in the incubation period. The amount of chlorpyrifos recovered was 79.8 ppm (39.9%) in the combined fungal cultures after 21 days. However, those recovered from the media of Fusarium graminearum, F. oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Cladosporium cladosporiodes, Cephalosporium sp., Trichoderma viridi, Alternaria alternata, and Cladorrhinum brunnescens, ranged from 48.0 to 74.8%. The half-life value (T1/2) for chlorpyrifos was 15.8 day in the medium amended with mixed fungi. However, for the single cultures it ranged from 19.3 to 33.0 day.
研究了从连作麦田分离出的8种不同植物病原真菌单独或组合添加到液体培养基中对毒死蜱的生物降解情况。发现毒死蜱从液体培养基中的平均回收率为86.1%。所用分析方法对毒死蜱的检测限为19 ppb。数据表明，在毒死蜱浓度高达200 ppm时，混合真菌的生长高于对照处理。随着培养时间的增加，组合真菌培养基中毒死蜱浓度的下降幅度大于任何单一真菌培养基。21天后，组合真菌培养物中毒死蜱的回收量为79.8 ppm（39.9%）。然而，从禾谷镰刀菌、尖孢镰刀菌、立枯丝核菌、枝孢菌、头孢霉属、绿色木霉、链格孢和褐孢霉培养基中回收的毒死蜱量在48.0%至74.8%之间。在添加混合真菌的培养基中，毒死蜱的半衰期值（T1/2）为15.8天。然而，单一培养物的半衰期值在19.3至33.0天之间。
