Curtis C F, Townson H
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.
Br Med Bull. 1998;54(2):311-25. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a011690.
In general, the most effective means of malaria vector control is the killing of adult mosquitoes with a residual insecticide applied to bednets or sprayed on house walls and ceilings. Major reductions in all-cause child mortality have been achieved in Africa by these means. In some circumstances, personal protection and larval control may also make a contribution. We discuss the prospects of genetic control by release of sterile male mosquitoes or driving genes for refractoriness to malaria into wild populations. Many major malaria vectors belong to complexes of sibling species which differ in vectorial and biological characteristics. Distinguishing the species by cytogenetic or molecular methods is important for epidemiological studies and could improve the targeting of control.
一般来说，控制疟疾传播媒介最有效的方法是使用残留杀虫剂杀死成年蚊子，这些杀虫剂可应用于蚊帐，或喷洒在房屋墙壁和天花板上。通过这些方法，非洲儿童全因死亡率大幅降低。在某些情况下，个人防护和幼虫控制也可能发挥作用。我们讨论了通过释放不育雄蚊或将抗疟疾基因导入野生种群进行基因控制的前景。许多主要的疟疾传播媒介属于同胞物种复合体，它们在传播和生物学特征上存在差异。通过细胞遗传学或分子方法区分这些物种对于流行病学研究很重要，并且可以改进控制目标。
