Kokot F, Ulman I, Wiecek A, Irzyniec T, Ulman J
Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Silesian University School of Medicine, Katowice, Poland.
Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 1998;46(5):311-6.
Leptin is presumed to be related to body mass index (BMI) and body fat stores and is involved together with neuropeptid Y (NPY) in the regulation of appetite. As pregnancy is accompanied both by changes of BMI and appetite, performance of studies presented in this paper were fully justified. In 43 healthy pregnant women and in 18 pregnant women with mild or moderate EPH-gestosis, concentrations of leptin and NPY were estimated in maternal venous blood, umbilical cord blood and in amniotic fluid. The control group consisted of 26 healthy nonpregnant women. Healthy nonpregnant women showed a BMI of 23.08+/-0.65 kg/m2 which was significantly lower than in healthy pregnant women (26.9+/-0.4 kg/m2, p < 0.001) and in women with EPH-gestosis (29.7+/-0.9, p < 0.0001). Also in healthy pregnant women the BMI was significantly lower than in EPH-gestosis subjects (p < 0.001). In healthy nonpregnant women plasma leptin levels were significantly lower than in healthy pregnant and EPH-gestosis women (10.9+/-1.68 vs 14.99+/-1.28 vs 21.89+/-2.58 ng/ml, respectively). In umbilical cord blood plasma leptin levels were significantly lower than in maternal blood only in healthy pregnant women (7.37+/-0.69 vs 14.99+/-1.28 ng/ml) but not in EPH-gestosis subjects (18.06+/-3.38 vs 21.89+/-2.58 ng/ml). Leptin levels in amniotic fluid were significantly lower than in umbilical cord blood both in healthy pregnant women (2.25+/-0.20 vs 7.37+/-0.69 ng/ml) and EPH-gestosis women (6.58+/-2.62 vs 18.06+/-3.38 ng/ml). In EPH-gestosis women leptin levels were significantly higher than in healthy pregnant women in maternal blood (21.89+/-2.58 vs 14.99+/-1.28 ng/ml), umbilical cord blood (18.06+/-3.38 vs 7.37+/-0.69 ng/ml) and amniotic fluid (6.58+/-2.62 vs 2.25+/-0.2 ng/ml). In both examined pregnant groups plasma NPY levels were nonsignificantly lower in healthy pregnant and EPH-gestosis women (42.28+/-4.09 and 43.68+/-8.45 pg/ml, respectively) than in nonpregnant women 50.65+/-6.13 pg/ml). In normal pregnancy a significantly higher NPY level was found in umbilical cord blood as compared with respective values in EPH-gestosis women (116.28+/-17.0 vs 49.65+/-7.01 pg/ml). Finally in both examined groups of pregnant women the amniotic fluid NPY level was of similar magnitude (13.85+/-1.52 and 13.89+/-2.46 pg/ml in healthy pregnant and EPH-gestosis women respectively). No significant correlation was found between fetal birth weight and cord-serum leptin and NPY levels respectively.
瘦素被认为与体重指数（BMI）和体内脂肪储存有关，并与神经肽Y（NPY）共同参与食欲调节。由于孕期伴随着BMI和食欲的变化，因此本文所进行的研究具有充分的合理性。对43名健康孕妇和18名患有轻度或中度妊娠高血压综合征的孕妇，测定其母血、脐血和羊水中瘦素和NPY的浓度。对照组由26名健康非孕妇女组成。健康非孕妇女的BMI为23.08±0.65kg/m2，显著低于健康孕妇（26.9±0.4kg/m2，p<0.001）和妊娠高血压综合征患者（29.7±0.9，p<0.0001）。健康孕妇的BMI也显著低于妊娠高血压综合征患者（p<0.001）。健康非孕妇女血浆瘦素水平显著低于健康孕妇和妊娠高血压综合征患者（分别为10.9±1.68、14.99±1.28和21.89±2.58ng/ml）。脐血血浆瘦素水平仅在健康孕妇中显著低于母血（7.37±0.69对14.99±1.28ng/ml），而在妊娠高血压综合征患者中无显著差异（18.06±3.38对21.89±2.58ng/ml）。健康孕妇和妊娠高血压综合征患者羊水中的瘦素水平均显著低于脐血（分别为2.25±0.20对7.37±0.69ng/ml和6.58±2.62对18.06±3.38ng/ml）。妊娠高血压综合征患者母血（21.89±2.58对14.99±1.28ng/ml）、脐血（18.06±3.38对7.37±0.69ng/ml）和羊水（6.58±2.62对2.25±0.2ng/ml）中的瘦素水平均显著高于健康孕妇。在两个被研究的孕妇组中，健康孕妇和妊娠高血压综合征患者的血浆NPY水平（分别为42.28±4.09和43.68±8.45pg/ml）均略低于非孕妇女（50.65±6.13pg/ml）。在正常妊娠中，脐血中NPY水平显著高于妊娠高血压综合征患者（116.28±17.0对49.65±7.01pg/ml）。最后，在两个被研究的孕妇组中，羊水中NPY水平相近（健康孕妇和妊娠高血压综合征患者分别为13.85±1.52和13.89±2.46pg/ml）。未发现胎儿出生体重与脐血瘦素和NPY水平之间存在显著相关性。
