Kane M A
Global Programme for Vaccines and Immunization, World Health Organization, Geneva.
Soz Praventivmed. 1998;43 Suppl 1:S44-6, S118-20. doi: 10.1007/BF02042175.
In 1991 WHO recommended that all countries include HB vaccine into their routine childhood immunization programmes. By 1998, more than 90 countries have included HB vaccine as routine antigen in their national programmes. These countries include about half of the world's children and about 70% of the world's carriers. The WHO target is to prevent 80% of new HBV carriers in children by the year 2001 by adding the vaccine into routine immunization. The vaccine has proven to be 85% to 95% effective in preventing the chronic carrier state in population based studies from many countries. Studies in Taiwan have already shown a direct reduction of liver cancer in immunized children. The major remaining problem is to develop financial mechanisms to allow the children in the poorest countries to benefit from this important vaccine.
1991年，世界卫生组织建议所有国家将乙肝疫苗纳入其儿童常规免疫计划。到1998年，已有90多个国家将乙肝疫苗作为常规抗原纳入其国家计划。这些国家约占世界儿童的一半，以及世界乙肝携带者的70%左右。世界卫生组织的目标是到2001年通过将该疫苗纳入常规免疫来预防80%的儿童新增乙肝病毒携带者。在许多国家基于人群的研究中，该疫苗已被证明在预防慢性携带者状态方面有85%至95%的有效性。台湾的研究已经表明，接种疫苗的儿童肝癌发病率直接下降。剩下的主要问题是建立财务机制，以使最贫穷国家的儿童能够受益于这种重要的疫苗。
