Moss H B, Bonicatto S, Kirisci L, Girardelli A M, Murrelle L
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA 15213, USA. mosshb.msx.upm.edu
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1998 Nov 1;52(3):221-30. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(98)00099-4.
The goal of this investigation was to clarify the effects of sex and familial transmission in the psychosocial concomitants of substance abuse problems among adolescents.
Male (n = 956) and female (n = 303) adolescents in school, and male adolescents in a drug treatment program (n = 51) in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina were administered a translated version of the Drug Use Screening Inventory. Use of substances, familial substance abuse and associations between psychosocial problem domains and substance abuse problems were examined.
Sex heterogeneity was broadly observed in terms of both substance abuse and psychosocial problems. Female adolescents in the school-based sample were found to generally report higher levels of psychosocial problems and greater use of minor tranquillizers than school boys or boys in treatment for substance abuse. Conduct deviancy was associated with substance abuse problems only in males, while health problems were associated only in females. However, among all youth, substance abuse problems were found to be associated with older age, greater social competency, problems in school performance, and involvement with deviant peers. Familial substance abuse was associated with substance abuse problems among all adolescents, however, the pattern of associations with other psychosocial problems differed between males and females.
Sex heterogeneity was found in the associations between psychosocial problems, adolescent substance abuse, and familial substance abuse. Furthermore, the results are consistent with a syndrome of problem behaviors.
本调查的目的是阐明性别和家族遗传对青少年药物滥用问题心理社会伴随因素的影响。
对阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯省在校的956名男性青少年和303名女性青少年，以及在一个药物治疗项目中的51名男性青少年，实施了一份经翻译的药物使用筛查量表。研究了药物使用情况、家族药物滥用情况以及心理社会问题领域与药物滥用问题之间的关联。
在药物滥用和心理社会问题方面广泛观察到性别差异。在校样本中的女性青少年普遍报告称，她们的心理社会问题水平更高，使用小剂量镇静剂的情况比男学生或接受药物滥用治疗的男性更多。行为偏差仅与男性的药物滥用问题相关，而健康问题仅与女性相关。然而，在所有青少年中，药物滥用问题与年龄较大、更强的社交能力、学业成绩问题以及与行为不端的同龄人交往有关。家族药物滥用与所有青少年的药物滥用问题相关，然而，男性和女性与其他心理社会问题的关联模式有所不同。
在心理社会问题、青少年药物滥用和家族药物滥用之间的关联中发现了性别差异。此外，研究结果与问题行为综合征一致。
