Moss Howard B, Lynch Kevin G, Hardie Thomas L, Baron David A
Center for Education and Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh and St. Francis Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Am J Psychiatry. 2002 Apr;159(4):607-14. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.159.4.607.
Family functioning and peer influences are theoretically linked to child psychopathology. This study quantified the functional status of families with fathers with substance dependence with or without comorbid antisocial personality disorder and evaluated the peer environments of preadolescent offspring. The authors examined associations between the child's psychopathology, paternal substance dependence/antisocial personality disorder status, and measures of family and peer environments.
Families with the presence or absence of paternal substance dependence were subdivided into those with and without paternal antisocial personality disorder. Grouped families were contrasted on measures of family functioning, the child's peer affiliation, and the child's problem behaviors. Regression analysis determined the influence of these factors on the child's psychopathology.
Families with paternal substance dependence functioned worse than normal comparison families. However, families with paternal substance dependence and antisocial personality disorder (N=34) did not differ markedly from those with substance dependence without antisocial personality disorder (N=84). The children of fathers with both substance dependence and antisocial personality disorder had greater affiliation with deviant peers than those with substance dependence without antisocial personality disorder and comparison families (N=104).
Children of fathers with substance dependence and antisocial personality disorder demonstrated higher externalizing and internalizing psychopathology than those with substance dependence but not antisocial personality disorder and those without either condition. Paternal substance dependence/antisocial personality disorder status and the child's affiliation with deviant peers were most robustly associated with the child's psychopathology. Research is needed to develop interventions that effectively address parental risk and healthy peer relations.
家庭功能和同伴影响在理论上与儿童精神病理学相关。本研究量化了父亲有或没有共病反社会人格障碍的物质依赖家庭的功能状况，并评估了青春期前子女的同伴环境。作者研究了儿童精神病理学、父亲物质依赖/反社会人格障碍状况以及家庭和同伴环境测量之间的关联。
有或没有父亲物质依赖的家庭被细分为有和没有父亲反社会人格障碍的家庭。对分组家庭在家庭功能、儿童同伴关系和儿童问题行为的测量上进行对比。回归分析确定了这些因素对儿童精神病理学的影响。
有父亲物质依赖的家庭功能比正常对照家庭更差。然而，有父亲物质依赖和反社会人格障碍的家庭（N = 34）与有物质依赖但没有反社会人格障碍的家庭（N = 84）没有明显差异。有物质依赖和反社会人格障碍父亲的孩子比有物质依赖但没有反社会人格障碍的孩子以及对照家庭（N = 104）的孩子与不良同伴的关系更密切。
有物质依赖和反社会人格障碍父亲的孩子比有物质依赖但没有反社会人格障碍的孩子以及两者都没有的孩子表现出更高的外化和内化精神病理学症状。父亲物质依赖/反社会人格障碍状况以及孩子与不良同伴的关系与孩子的精神病理学最密切相关。需要开展研究以开发有效解决父母风险和健康同伴关系的干预措施。
