Rouse D J, Andrews W W, Lin F Y, Mott C W, Ware J C, Philips J B
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
Obstet Gynecol. 1998 Dec;92(6):931-4. doi: 10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00263-4.
To determine the contemporary antibiotic susceptibility profile of vertically acquired group B streptococcal isolates.
Susceptibility to ampicillin, penicillin G, erythromycin, clindamycin, cefazolin, and gentamicin was assessed by two methods, minimal inhibitory concentration and disc diffusion.
The susceptibility profiles of 119 colonizing and eight invasive strains of group B streptococcus isolated from January 1996 to September 1997 at two hospitals in Birmingham, Alabama-University of Alabama at Birmingham and Cooper Green-were studied. Minimal inhibitory concentration determinations indicated that all colonizing strains were susceptible or moderately susceptible to ampicillin and penicillin G. Resistance was noted by at least one strain to each of the other antibiotics; all were resistant to gentamicin, whereas 27 (21%) were resistant to erythromycin, five (4%) to clindamycin, and one (1%) to cefazolin. All of the eight invasive strains were susceptible or moderately susceptible to ampicillin, penicillin G, clindamycin, and cefazolin; one (13%) was resistant to erythromycin, and all were resistant to gentamicin. Disc diffusion results generally were concordant with minimal inhibitory concentration results, although by disc diffusion fewer isolates were classified as susceptible, and more as moderately susceptible, to ampicillin and penicillin G than by minimal inhibitory concentration.
Universal susceptibility of group B streptococcus to members of the penicillin family supports the continued use of penicillin G or ampicillin for early onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease prevention. For patients allergic to beta-lactam agents, clindamycin (4% resistance) may be a better alternative than erythromycin (21% resistance).
确定垂直传播的B族链球菌分离株的当代抗生素敏感性谱。
通过两种方法评估对氨苄西林、青霉素G、红霉素、克林霉素、头孢唑林和庆大霉素的敏感性，即最低抑菌浓度法和纸片扩散法。
研究了1996年1月至1997年9月在阿拉巴马州伯明翰市的两家医院（阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校和库珀格林医院）分离出的119株定植性和8株侵袭性B族链球菌菌株的敏感性谱。最低抑菌浓度测定表明，所有定植菌株对氨苄西林和青霉素G敏感或中度敏感。对其他每种抗生素至少有一株菌株出现耐药；所有菌株对庆大霉素耐药，而27株（21%）对红霉素耐药，5株（4%）对克林霉素耐药，1株（1%）对头孢唑林耐药。所有8株侵袭性菌株对氨苄西林、青霉素G、克林霉素和头孢唑林敏感或中度敏感；1株（13%）对红霉素耐药，所有菌株对庆大霉素耐药。纸片扩散结果总体上与最低抑菌浓度结果一致，尽管通过纸片扩散法分类为对氨苄西林和青霉素G敏感的分离株比通过最低抑菌浓度法少，而分类为中度敏感的更多。
B族链球菌对青霉素家族成员普遍敏感，这支持继续使用青霉素G或氨苄西林预防早发性新生儿B族链球菌病。对于对β-内酰胺类药物过敏的患者，克林霉素（4%耐药）可能比红霉素（21%耐药）是更好的替代药物。
