Rao P H, Rao G S
Anat Anz. 1976;140(1-2):62-73.
The gross disposition of the prediaphragmatic portion of systema nervosum pars sympathica was studied in six male buffalo calves after careful dissection. The cranial cervical ganglion, the cervicothoracic ganglion and the ansa subclavia were present bilaterally. Rarely a middle cervical ganglion was also encountered. The vertebral ganglia were present in most of the animals. The cranial cervical sympathetic trunk joined the N. Vagus at the level of atlas and the caudal cervical sympathetic trunk separated from the N. vagus at the sixth cervical vertebral level. The ansa subclavia joined the vertebral and the cervicothoracic ganglia. The myelinated fibres in the sympathetic trunk showed a fascicular arrangement. They were mostly of 2 to 4 mum in external diameter. The number (mean value) of myelinated fibres in the cranial cervical trunk was 8,981 +/- 2,016 and their density was 3,379/mm2. In the caudal cervical trunk, there was 10,345 +/- 3,424 myelinated fibres with a density of 3,679/mm2. In the ansa subclavia, the corresponding values were 3,301 +/- 421 and 2,456/mm2 respectively. The interganglionic trunk between the vertebral and the cervicothoracic ganglia revealed 9,843 +/- 4,602 myelinated fibres and their density was 3,698/mm2. In the interganglionic trunks between the third and the fourth and the fourth and fifth thoracic ganglia, the total number of myelinated nerve fibres was 10,540 +/- 4,127 and 9,217 +/- 1,367 respectively and their density values were 2,750/mm2 and 2,808/mm2 respectively. The corresponding values for the N. transversarius were 26,140 +/- 3,807 and 2,433/mm2 respectively. Ganglion cells were found along the caudal cervical sympathetic trunk and the thoracic sympathetic trunk. A fascicle of umnyelinated fibres was also found in the cervical sympathetic trunks.
对6头雄性水牛犊进行仔细解剖后，研究了交感神经系统膈前部分的大体分布。双侧均有颈前神经节、颈胸神经节和锁骨下襻。很少见到中间颈神经节。大多数动物有椎神经节。颈前交感干在第一颈椎水平与迷走神经相连，颈后交感干在第六颈椎水平与迷走神经分离。锁骨下襻与椎神经节和颈胸神经节相连。交感干中的有髓纤维呈束状排列。它们的外径大多为2至4μm。颈前干中有髓纤维的数量（平均值）为8981±2016条，密度为3379/mm²。颈后干中有10345±3424条有髓纤维，密度为3679/mm²。在锁骨下襻中，相应的值分别为3301±421条和2456/mm²。椎神经节和颈胸神经节之间的神经节间干有9843±4602条有髓纤维，密度为3698/mm²。在第三和第四以及第四和第五胸神经节之间的神经节间干中，有髓神经纤维的总数分别为10540±412条和9217±1367条，密度值分别为2750/mm²和2808/mm²。横神经的相应值分别为26140±3807条和2433/mm²。在颈后交感干和胸交感干上发现了神经节细胞。在颈交感干中也发现了一束无髓纤维。
