Wilson P H, Henry J L, Andersson G, Hallam R S, Lindberg P
School of Psychology, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
Br J Audiol. 1998 Oct;32(5):273-86. doi: 10.3109/03005364000000078.
Tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT) has been presented as a new approach to tinnitus management. In this paper a number of theoretical and practical problems with TRT are identified. These problems relate to the distinction between directive counselling and cognitive therapy, the adequacy of the cognitive therapy components, the nature of the outcome data which have been presented to date, the theoretical basis for the treatment, and the conceptual clarity of terms such as perception, attention and coping. The stated goal of removal of the perception of tinnitus may lead to confusion about the likely outcome of TRT for most patients. Methodological limitations in the research which has been published to date preclude any claims about the efficacy of TRT at the present time. It is suggested that randomized, controlled studies which include no-treatment and placebo conditions need to be undertaken. Studies are required in which the efficacy of the counselling and white noise components can be clearly isolated. Suggestions are made about the role of psychologists and non-psychologists in the provision of counselling and cognitive therapy services to tinnitus patients.
耳鸣再训练疗法（TRT）已作为一种耳鸣治疗的新方法被提出。本文指出了TRT存在的一些理论和实践问题。这些问题涉及指导性咨询与认知疗法的区别、认知疗法组成部分的充分性、迄今所呈现的结果数据的性质、该治疗的理论基础以及诸如感知、注意力和应对等术语的概念清晰度。所宣称的消除耳鸣感知的目标可能会使大多数患者对TRT的可能结果感到困惑。迄今为止已发表的研究中的方法学局限性使得目前无法对TRT的疗效提出任何主张。建议开展包括无治疗和安慰剂对照条件的随机对照研究。需要进行能够明确分离咨询和白噪声组成部分疗效的研究。文中对心理学家和非心理学家在为耳鸣患者提供咨询和认知疗法服务方面的作用提出了建议。
