Leibman M, Salzinger K
Southampton Psychiatric Associates.
J Genet Psychol. 1998 Dec;159(4):404-20. doi: 10.1080/00221329809596161.
This study investigated the use of the immediacy theory to explain the existence of auditory hallucinations and delusions in individuals with schizophrenia and to develop treatment strategies. In a 2-phase approach, a therapist trained 6 individuals with schizophrenia to stop responding to the immediate stimuli ostensibly evoking their symptoms and instead to respond to more remote stimuli unrelated to the problem behavior. Two other participants received nonspecific supportive psychotherapy to control for rater bias and to provide some comparison to the experimental treatment. Following 6 weeks of therapy, participants in the experimental group improved on 66% of the symptom measures. By contrast, participants in the control group improved on only 11% of the measures. The individuals in the experimental group retained some of these benefits during the follow-up period. The findings are discussed in light of several contributory factors.
本研究探讨了即时性理论在解释精神分裂症患者幻听和妄想存在方面的应用，并制定治疗策略。采用两阶段方法，一名治疗师训练6名精神分裂症患者停止对表面上引发其症状的即时刺激做出反应，而是对与问题行为无关的更遥远的刺激做出反应。另外两名参与者接受了非特异性支持性心理治疗，以控制评分者偏差，并与实验性治疗进行一些比较。经过6周的治疗，实验组66%的症状指标有所改善。相比之下，对照组只有11%的指标有所改善。实验组的个体在随访期间保留了其中一些益处。根据几个促成因素对研究结果进行了讨论。
