Thomas C B
Ann Intern Med. 1976 Nov;85(5):653-8. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-85-5-653.
The youthful habits and family attitudes of medical students who later developed or died from one of five disease states were different from those of healthy classmate controls to begin with. In medical school, the total disorder group had significantly more nervous tension, anxiety, and anger under stress, had more insomnia, smoked more cigarettes, and took alcoholic drinks more frequently. Individual disorder group means were significantly different from each other. The mental illness group showed the most nervous tension, depression, and anger under stress and the malignant tumor group the least. The malignant tumor group resembled the healthy control group in these respects. The suicide, mental illness, and malignant tumor groups had low mean scores for closeness to parents, while the hypertension and coronary occlusion group means were slightly higher than the control group mean. Thus psychologic differences in youth have predictive potential in regard to premature disease and death.
后来患上五种疾病状态之一或因这些疾病死亡的医学生，其年轻时的习惯和家庭态度从一开始就与健康的同班同学对照组不同。在医学院时，总体疾病组在压力下有明显更多的神经紧张、焦虑和愤怒，有更多失眠问题，吸烟更多，饮酒也更频繁。个体疾病组的均值彼此有显著差异。精神疾病组在压力下表现出最严重的神经紧张、抑郁和愤怒，而恶性肿瘤组则最少。在这些方面，恶性肿瘤组与健康对照组相似。自杀、精神疾病和恶性肿瘤组与父母亲近程度的平均得分较低，而高血压和冠状动脉闭塞组的均值略高于对照组均值。因此，年轻时的心理差异对于过早患病和死亡具有预测潜力。
