Heimburger D C, Stallings V A, Routzahn L
Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1998 Dec;68(6):1174-9. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/68.6.1174.
Clinical nutrition training programs for physicians were surveyed to determine their number, demographic characteristics, primary teaching focuses, number of available trainee positions, funding bases, trainee numbers, backgrounds, and career positions taken. Twenty-two active programs were identified, compared with 38 programs in 1993. Thirteen of the programs were primarily focused on adult nutrition and 7 were focused on pediatric nutrition. Twelve programs appeared to have nutrition as their sole subspecialty focus, 8 were housed within gastroenterology fellowships, and 2 were within endocrinology fellowships. Most programs included training in research, which is conducted during a second or third year, or both. The decrease in numbers of programs appears to have resulted not only from relocation, retirement of key faculty members, and loss of training grants, but also because of the clearer definition of clinical nutrition training programs in this survey. The changes also reflect a national trend toward decreasing subspecialization. Within this climate, it is apparent that a new model for the training and career activities of physician nutrition specialists is needed that will attract more physicians into the discipline of nutrition. Intersociety efforts are underway to address this need and to develop a unified voice that can guide clinical nutrition training for physicians into the 21st century.
对医师临床营养培训项目进行了调查，以确定其数量、人口统计学特征、主要教学重点、可提供的学员名额数量、资金来源、学员人数、背景以及所从事的职业岗位。共确定了22个现行项目，而1993年有38个项目。其中13个项目主要侧重于成人营养，7个项目侧重于儿科营养。12个项目似乎将营养作为其唯一的亚专业重点，8个项目设在胃肠病学 fellowship 项目内，2个项目设在内分泌学 fellowship 项目内。大多数项目都包括在第二年或第三年或两年都进行的研究培训。项目数量的减少似乎不仅是由于项目迁移、关键教员退休和培训补助金的损失，还因为本次调查中对临床营养培训项目的定义更加明确。这些变化也反映了全国范围内亚专业化程度降低的趋势。在这种情况下，显然需要一种针对医师营养专家培训和职业活动的新模式，以吸引更多医师投身于营养学科。各学会正在共同努力满足这一需求，并形成一个统一的声音，以指导21世纪医师临床营养培训。
