Kim C H, Dummer D M, Chiou P P, Leong J A
Center for Salmon Disease Research and Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-3804, USA.
J Virol. 1999 Jan;73(1):843-9. doi: 10.1128/JVI.73.1.843-849.1999.
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is a rhabdovirus that produces an acute, lethal infection in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish that survive infection cease to produce detectable infectious virus at approximately 46 days after infection, yet there is evidence that survivor fish continue to harbor virus particles (B. S. Drolet, P. P. Chiou, J. Heidel, and J. C. Leong, J. Virol. 69:2140-2147, 1995). In an effort to determine the biological function of these particles, the kidneys and livers from IHNV survivors were harvested and divided into samples for nested reverse transcriptase PCR analysis and explant culture. Sequences for the IHNV nucleoprotein and polymerase genes were detected in 50 and 89%, respectively, of the organs from survivor fish. When explant tissue cultures were infected with purified standard IHNV, the liver tissues from survivor fish produced up to 10-fold less virus than naive control fish liver tissues. In addition, immunosorbent electron microscopy analysis of the supernatant media from the cultured explants of survivor fish revealed truncated particles, whereas the control tissue supernatants contained only standard viral particles. These results suggest that the truncated IHNV particles observed in persistently infected fish are defective interfering particles that may mediate virus persistence.
传染性造血器官坏死病毒（IHNV）是一种弹状病毒，可在虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）中引发急性致死性感染。感染后存活的鱼在感染约46天后停止产生可检测到的传染性病毒，但有证据表明存活鱼继续携带病毒颗粒（B. S. 德罗莱特、P. P. 邱、J. 海德和J. C. 梁，《病毒学杂志》69:2140 - 2147，1995年）。为了确定这些颗粒的生物学功能，采集了IHNV存活鱼的肾脏和肝脏，并将其分成样本用于巢式逆转录酶PCR分析和外植体培养。在存活鱼的器官中，分别有50%和89%检测到了IHNV核蛋白和聚合酶基因的序列。当用纯化的标准IHNV感染外植体组织培养物时，存活鱼的肝脏组织产生的病毒比未感染的对照鱼肝脏组织少10倍。此外，对存活鱼培养外植体上清液进行的免疫吸附电子显微镜分析显示有截短的颗粒，而对照组织上清液中仅含有标准病毒颗粒。这些结果表明，在持续感染的鱼中观察到的截短的IHNV颗粒是有缺陷的干扰颗粒，可能介导病毒的持续存在。
