Imuta H, Yasumura S, Fujita M, Arai H, Fukao A
Department of Public Health, Yamagata University School of Medicine.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 1998 Sep;45(9):883-92.
The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of homebound elderly (defined as people whose daily activities were limited to their home) and factors related to it among 300 community elderly residents aged 60 and over in Yamagata city. In 1995, the baseline survey was performed and the follow-up survey was conducted one year later. Subjects were divided into two groups according to the extent of their daily activities: the non-homebound group (defined as people whose daily activities extended into their community) and the homebound group. The main results were as follows; 1. The prevalence of homebound elderly was 7.7% in 1995. 2. Chi-square test or t test was performed to examine the relationship between homebound and various factors. Significant factors were age, history of hypertension, history of mental disease, incompetence of ADLs (walking, eating, toileting, bathing, dressing), interpersonal dependency, subjective health, 'ikigai' (meaningfulness of life), life style (cooking, cleaning, reading newspaper or magazine, watching TV, exercise, associate with friend) and TMIG (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology) index of competence. The present study reveals that daily activities in community elderly residents is related to not only physical factors but also psychosocial factors. Using the significant variables in univariate analysis, multiple logistic regression analysis controlling for age was performed. Significant factors for homebound were incompetence of ADLs (walking, toileting), subjective health and TMIG index of competence. 3. Three out of 214 non-homebound elderly persons in 1995 changed to homebound in 1996.
本研究旨在确定山形市300名60岁及以上社区老年居民中居家老人（定义为日常活动局限于家中的人）的患病率及其相关因素。1995年进行了基线调查，并于一年后进行了随访调查。根据日常活动范围将受试者分为两组：非居家组（定义为日常活动扩展到社区的人）和居家组。主要结果如下：1. 1995年居家老人的患病率为7.7%。2. 采用卡方检验或t检验来检验居家与各种因素之间的关系。显著因素包括年龄、高血压病史、精神疾病史、日常生活活动能力（行走、进食、如厕、洗澡、穿衣）不足、人际依赖、主观健康状况、“生き甲斐（生活意义）”、生活方式（烹饪、清洁、阅读报纸或杂志、看电视、锻炼、与朋友交往）以及东京都老人综合研究所（TMIG）能力指数。本研究表明，社区老年居民的日常活动不仅与身体因素有关，还与心理社会因素有关。利用单因素分析中的显著变量，进行了控制年龄的多因素logistic回归分析。居家的显著因素为日常生活活动能力（行走、如厕）不足、主观健康状况和TMIG能力指数。3. 1995年214名非居家老人中有3人在1996年变为居家老人。
