Howard J B, McCraken G H, Trujillo H, Mohs E
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1976 Aug;10(2):205-10. doi: 10.1128/AAC.10.2.205.
The pharmacokinetic properties of amikacin (BBK8) were similar to those of kanamycin in newborn infants. Peak serum concentrations of both drugs were in the range of 15 to 25 mug/ml with the exception of kanamycin in babies weighing greater than 2,000 g at birth where peak levels were 12.5 to 15 mug/ml. Volumes of distribution, plasma clearances, and serum half-life values were comparable for the two drugs. The clinical and bacteriological responses to amikacin therapy were assessed in 45 neonates with bacterial diseases. A case fatality rate of 26% was observed in infants with septicemia and/or meningitis, whereas no deaths occurred among 22 infants with urinary tract and mucocutaneous infections. Cultures from infected sites were sterile within 72 h of initiating amikacin therapy in 47% of the infants, continued positive for greater than 72 h in 31%, and were not reevaluated during therapy in 22%. The clinical response was judged to be satisfactory in 92% of the surviving infants. The efficacy of amikacin was comparable to that of kanamycin or gentamicin in neonatal bacterial diseases.
阿米卡星（BBK8）在新生儿中的药代动力学特性与卡那霉素相似。两种药物的血清峰值浓度均在15至25微克/毫升范围内，但出生时体重超过2000克的婴儿使用卡那霉素时，峰值水平为12.5至15微克/毫升。两种药物的分布容积、血浆清除率和血清半衰期值相当。对45例患有细菌性疾病的新生儿评估了阿米卡星治疗的临床和细菌学反应。患有败血症和/或脑膜炎的婴儿病死率为26%，而22例患有泌尿道和皮肤黏膜感染的婴儿中无死亡病例。在开始阿米卡星治疗后72小时内，47%的婴儿感染部位培养结果无菌，31%的婴儿培养结果持续阳性超过72小时，22%的婴儿在治疗期间未重新评估培养结果。92%的存活婴儿临床反应被判定为满意。在新生儿细菌性疾病中，阿米卡星的疗效与卡那霉素或庆大霉素相当。
