Magura S, Rosenblum A, Rodriguez E M
National Development Institute, 2 World Trade Center, New York, NY 10048, USA.
J Addict Dis. 1998;17(4):71-90. doi: 10.1300/J069v17n04_07.
Cocaine use among methadone patients has been related to higher prevalence of HIV risk behaviors. HIV risk behaviors for cocaine-using patients in methadone treatment (N = 207) were examined for two time periods, the current month in-treatment and the month previous to treatment admission. All needle-related and sexually-related risk behaviors (except for needle hygiene) significantly and substantially declined over the average two year time interval. Several variables were associated with needle and sexual risks in multivariate regression analyses. Dropping apparent opiate use underreporters from the analyses did not alter the results. From a harm reduction perspective, high priority should be given to retaining cocaine-using patients in methadone maintenance, intensifying in-program services for those with anti-social personality, bipolar disorder or alcoholism, as well as increasing access to needle exchanges and free condoms.
美沙酮治疗患者中使用可卡因与更高的艾滋病毒风险行为发生率相关。对接受美沙酮治疗的207名使用可卡因的患者在两个时间段进行了艾滋病毒风险行为检查，即当月治疗期间和治疗入院前一个月。在平均两年的时间间隔内，所有与针头和性相关的风险行为（针头卫生除外）均显著且大幅下降。多变量回归分析中，几个变量与针头和性风险相关。从分析中剔除明显少报阿片类药物使用情况的患者，结果并未改变。从减少伤害的角度来看，应高度重视让使用可卡因的患者继续接受美沙酮维持治疗，加强针对有反社会人格、双相情感障碍或酗酒问题患者的项目内服务，以及增加针头交换和免费避孕套的获取途径。
