Schmidt B, Witt C
Arbeitsbereich Pneumologie, Universitätsklinikum Charité, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
Zentralbl Chir. 1998;123(10):1134-9.
Therapeutic bronchoscopy is widely used in the treatment of airway stenosis, fistula, and pulmonary bleeding. Recanalisation of tracheobronchial stenoses can be treated by Nd: YAG-laser or stent implantation. While the use of laser irradiation is limited to intraluminal obstruction, stenting is also effective in stenoses due to extraluminal compression. Stent implantation has also become the method of choice in the treatment of tracheobronchial fistulas. A more specific strategy in the treatment of malignant lesions is photodynamic therapy. By use of photosensitizers and subsequent irradiation tumor cells can be destroyed selectively. Gene therapy represents a promising new approach in tumor therapy. After retrovirus-mediated gene transfer of a suppressor gene an increase of tumor cell apoptosis was observed. Altogether interventional pneumology has experienced substantial enlargement of therapeutic possibilities.
治疗性支气管镜检查在气道狭窄、瘘管和肺出血的治疗中被广泛应用。气管支气管狭窄的再通可通过钕：钇铝石榴石激光或支架植入进行治疗。虽然激光照射仅限于腔内阻塞，但支架植入对于管腔外压迫导致的狭窄也有效。支架植入也已成为治疗气管支气管瘘的首选方法。在恶性病变治疗中一种更具特异性的策略是光动力疗法。通过使用光敏剂并随后进行照射，可选择性地破坏肿瘤细胞。基因治疗是肿瘤治疗中一种有前景的新方法。在逆转录病毒介导的抑制基因转移后，观察到肿瘤细胞凋亡增加。总之，介入肺病学在治疗可能性方面有了显著扩展。
