Hanna J N, Malcolm R L, Vlack S A, Andrews D E
Tropical Public Health Unit, Queensland Health, Cairns.
Aust N Z J Public Health. 1998 Oct;22(6):664-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-842x.1998.tb01466.x.
A survey was undertaken to ascertain the vaccination status of all 773 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island children who were born and remained in Far North Queensland during the 1993-94 financial year. Only 42% had received all 15 vaccines scheduled in the first two years of life by their second birthday. More who resided in remote communities were fully vaccinated (64%) by then than those who lived in rural towns (32%) or an urban setting (21%) (p < 0.01). The 445 children who were not fully vaccinated required a median of three vaccines to have been fully vaccinated by the second birthday. Of these, 146 (33%) required only one vaccine, nearly 60% of whom would have been fully vaccinated if they had had the fourth (18-month) dose of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine. Of the 445, 143 (32%) required five or more vaccines to have been fully vaccinated. Only 26% and 36% of the children received all the vaccines scheduled at six and 12 months of age, respectively, on the same day. However, the eventual uptakes of the three vaccines scheduled at six months of age were very similar (approximately 80%) and simultaneous vaccination with the two vaccines scheduled at 12 months of age would have made a very limited (approximately 4 percentage points) impact on the overall percentage of fully vaccinated children. Considerably more than simple and apparently logical strategies will be required to ensure that Indigenous children in Far North Queensland are adequately vaccinated. A systematic approach, with a careful understanding of the barriers to routine vaccination and a means of prospectively tracking the vaccination status of each child, will be needed if state and national vaccination goals are to be met.
一项调查旨在确定1993 - 1994财政年度在昆士兰州远北地区出生并仍居住在该地区的773名原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民儿童的疫苗接种情况。到两岁生日时，只有42%的儿童接种了生命最初两年计划安排的全部15种疫苗。到那时，居住在偏远社区的儿童中完全接种疫苗的比例（64%）高于居住在乡村小镇（32%）或城市地区（21%）的儿童（p < 0.01）。445名未完全接种疫苗的儿童到两岁生日时平均需要补种三种疫苗。其中，146名（33%）儿童仅需补种一种疫苗，如果他们接种了第四剂（18月龄）白喉 - 破伤风 - 百日咳（DTP）疫苗，近60%的儿童本可完全接种疫苗。在这445名儿童中，143名（32%）儿童需要补种五种或更多疫苗才能完全接种。分别只有26%和36%的儿童在6个月和12个月龄当天接种了该年龄段计划安排的所有疫苗。然而，6个月龄计划安排的三种疫苗最终接种率非常相似（约80%），同时接种12个月龄计划安排的两种疫苗对完全接种疫苗儿童的总体比例影响非常有限（约4个百分点）。要确保昆士兰州远北地区的原住民儿童得到充分接种，所需措施远不止简单且看似合理的策略。如果要实现州和国家的疫苗接种目标，就需要一种系统的方法，仔细了解常规疫苗接种的障碍，并采用一种前瞻性跟踪每个儿童疫苗接种情况的手段。
