Davis D W
Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, KY, USA.
Pediatr Nurs. 1998 Jul-Aug;24(4):343-7.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used increasingly since the 1970s to treat serious respiratory diseases of infancy. However, much is unknown regarding developmental processes and outcomes in these high-risk children. Since the majority of children treated with ECMO have "normal" intelligence, they are often deemed developmentally appropriate by families and primary care providers in early childhood. Unfortunately, many children may exhibit cognitive deficits later, falling behind their peers in school during middle childhood. Predicted academic success cannot be based on IQ alone. Studies have shown that between 10% and 35% of ECMO survivors who are developing "normally" are in need of special educational services due to attention problems and/or express variability in functional abilities. Although the research data remain inconclusive, parents of children who undergo neonatal ECMO should be alerted to potential problems so that children can receive full assessments and appropriate interventions.
自20世纪70年代以来，体外膜肺氧合（ECMO）越来越多地用于治疗婴儿的严重呼吸系统疾病。然而，对于这些高危儿童的发育过程和结果，仍有很多未知之处。由于接受ECMO治疗的大多数儿童智力“正常”，他们在幼儿期往往被家庭和初级保健提供者认为发育正常。不幸的是，许多儿童后来可能会出现认知缺陷，在童年中期的学业上落后于同龄人。预测学业成功不能仅基于智商。研究表明，10%至35%发育“正常”的ECMO幸存者由于注意力问题和/或功能能力表现差异而需要特殊教育服务。尽管研究数据尚无定论，但接受新生儿ECMO治疗的儿童的父母应警惕潜在问题，以便儿童能够接受全面评估和适当干预。
