Zieger U, Pandey G S, Kriek N P, Cauldwell A E
Centre for Wildlife Management, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
J S Afr Vet Assoc. 1998 Sep;69(3):98-101. doi: 10.4102/jsava.v69i3.826.
Mycobacteriosis was diagnosed for the first time outside a national park in free-ranging wild animals on a game ranch in Zambia. A Kafue lechwe (Kobus leche kafuensis) was found dead with tuberculous lesions on a ranch near Lusaka. Acid-fast bacilli were found in the affected organs. Mycobacteria were isolated from these tissues. A bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus) was found dead on the same ranch with multiple superficial abscesses in the neck region, extensive granulomatous lesions in the lung, the bronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes and several nodular lesions in the spleen. Few acid-fast bacilli were found in the exudate from the abscesses and lesions in the affected organs. Histologically the lesions resembled those of tuberculosis, but mycobacteria could not be isolated. In addition, 1 Kafue lechwe among 37 wild ungulates of 13 species shot on the ranch showed typical tuberculous lesions in the lungs, but the diagnosis was not confirmed by bacterial isolation. The role of the Kafue lechwe as maintenance host for tuberculosis as well as in the possible spread of this disease to other wildlife are discussed.
在赞比亚一个狩猎牧场的自由放养野生动物中，首次在国家公园外诊断出分枝杆菌病。在卢萨卡附近的一个牧场发现一只喀辅埃水羚（Kobus leche kafuensis）死亡，其身上有结核病变。在受影响的器官中发现了抗酸杆菌。从这些组织中分离出了分枝杆菌。在同一牧场发现一只薮羚（Tragelaphus scriptus）死亡，其颈部有多处浅表脓肿，肺部、支气管和纵隔淋巴结有广泛的肉芽肿病变，脾脏有几个结节性病变。在脓肿渗出物和受影响器官的病变中发现少量抗酸杆菌。组织学上，这些病变类似于结核病，但无法分离出分枝杆菌。此外，在该牧场射杀的13种37只野生有蹄类动物中的1只喀辅埃水羚肺部有典型的结核病变，但细菌分离未确诊。本文讨论了喀辅埃水羚作为结核病的维持宿主的作用以及这种疾病可能向其他野生动物传播的情况。
