Petrova V G
Arkh Anat Gistol Embriol. 1976 Aug;71(8):57-65.
A comparative study of the cytological characteristics of the epithelial lining of the nephron and collecting tubules was performed in 9 species of reptiles, 19 species of birds and 12 species of mammals. Representatives of each class of higher vertebrates were shown to have certain specific features of the epithelial lining of different parts of the nephron. Differentiation of various areas of the proximal part of the nephron proceded in phylogeny with different intensity and the maximum specialization was characteristic of the most proximal portion of this part of the nephron. In the cells of the proximal parts of nephrons of some reptiles there were phenomena of apocrine secretion. Evolution of the distal part of the nephron developed to form a loop and differentiation of the distal convoluted segment. The higher differentiation of the epithelial lining of the nephron distal part in birds and mammals, unlike in reptiles, seems to be associated with a more considerable functional specilization of this part. In the cytochemical characteristics of the epithelium of the uriniferous and collecting tubules of kidneys of higher vertebrate animals there are common regularities in the distribution of RNA, proteins and some enzymes. The polysaccharide content is maximum in the epithelial cells of kidneys of reptiles.
对9种爬行动物、19种鸟类和12种哺乳动物的肾单位和集合小管上皮衬里的细胞学特征进行了比较研究。结果表明，每一类高等脊椎动物的代表在肾单位不同部位的上皮衬里都有某些特定特征。肾单位近端不同区域的分化在系统发育过程中强度不同，最大特化特征出现在该部分肾单位最靠近近端的部分。在一些爬行动物肾单位近端的细胞中存在顶浆分泌现象。肾单位远端的进化发展形成了一个袢以及远曲小管的分化。与爬行动物不同，鸟类和哺乳动物肾单位远端上皮衬里的更高分化似乎与该部分更显著的功能特化有关。在高等脊椎动物肾脏的泌尿小管和集合小管上皮的细胞化学特征中，RNA、蛋白质和一些酶的分布存在共同规律。爬行动物肾脏上皮细胞中的多糖含量最高。
