Bostrøm E, Engen S, Eide I
Department of Botany, NTNU, Dragvoll, Norway.
Arch Toxicol. 1998 Oct;72(10):645-9. doi: 10.1007/s002040050555.
In the present study, spiking was used as a strategy to evaluate the mutagenicity of individual compounds in a mixture. Mutagenicity of individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) was evaluated in an organic extract of diesel exhaust particles (DEP). The particles were extracted with dichloromethane (DCM). After replacing DCM with dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO), the extract was spiked with four individual PAH: benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, pyrene and fluoroanthene. The PAH were added separately and in various combinations to the extract to determine the effects of each variable and to identify possible interactions between the individual PAH and between the PAH and the extract. The study was designed as a fractional factorial experiment with the five variables (the DEP extract and the four PAH), giving 16 (instead of 32) mixtures plus a triplicate centrepoint and background, i.e. a total of 20. The fractionated factorial design used in the present work supports a model with linear and interaction terms. The mixtures were tested for mutagenicity in the Ames assay using four strains of Salmonella typhimurium in the presence of rat liver xenobiotic enzymes (S9-mix). Projections to Latent Structures (PLS) was used to quantify the mutagenicity of each compound and possible interactions. The four individual PAH and the DEP extract acted additively in the Ames test with 10% S9-mix.
在本研究中，加标被用作一种策略，以评估混合物中单个化合物的致突变性。在柴油尾气颗粒（DEP）的有机提取物中评估了单个多环芳烃（PAH）的致突变性。颗粒用二氯甲烷（DCM）提取。在用二甲亚砜（DMSO）替换DCM后，提取物中加入了四种单个PAH：苯并(a)芘、苯并(a)蒽、芘和荧蒽。将PAH分别以各种组合添加到提取物中，以确定每个变量的影响，并识别单个PAH之间以及PAH与提取物之间可能的相互作用。该研究设计为一个分数析因实验，包含五个变量（DEP提取物和四种PAH），产生16种（而非32种）混合物，外加一个三重中心点和背景，即总共20种。本研究中使用的分数析因设计支持一个具有线性和相互作用项的模型。在鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的四种菌株存在大鼠肝脏外源性酶（S9混合物）的情况下，使用Ames试验对混合物的致突变性进行了测试。使用潜在结构投影（PLS）来量化每种化合物的致突变性和可能的相互作用。在含有10% S9混合物的Ames试验中，四种单个PAH和DEP提取物的作用是相加的。
