Bargmann C I
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Programs in Developmental Biology, Neuroscience, and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA.
Science. 1998 Dec 11;282(5396):2028-33. doi: 10.1126/science.282.5396.2028.
Neurotransmitter receptors, neurotransmitter synthesis and release pathways, and heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (G protein)-coupled second messenger pathways are highly conserved between Caenorhabditis elegans and mammals, but gap junctions and chemosensory receptors have independent origins in vertebrates and nematodes. Most ion channels are similar to vertebrate channels but there are no predicted voltage-activated sodium channels. The C. elegans genome encodes at least 80 potassium channels, 90 neurotransmitter-gated ion channels, 50 peptide receptors, and up to 1000 orphan receptors that may be chemoreceptors. For many gene families, C. elegans has both conventional members and divergent outliers with weak homology to known genes; these outliers may provide insights into previously unknown functions of conserved protein families.
神经递质受体、神经递质合成与释放途径以及异源三聚体GTP结合蛋白（G蛋白）偶联的第二信使途径在秀丽隐杆线虫和哺乳动物之间高度保守，但间隙连接和化学感受器在脊椎动物和线虫中有独立的起源。大多数离子通道与脊椎动物的通道相似，但没有预测的电压激活钠通道。秀丽隐杆线虫基因组编码至少80种钾通道、90种神经递质门控离子通道、50种肽受体以及多达1000种可能是化学感受器的孤儿受体。对于许多基因家族来说，秀丽隐杆线虫既有传统成员，也有与已知基因同源性较弱的不同寻常的异常成员；这些异常成员可能为保守蛋白家族以前未知的功能提供见解。
