Mori I
Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Japan.
Annu Rev Genet. 1999;33:399-422. doi: 10.1146/annurev.genet.33.1.399.
Molecular genetic analysis of chemotaxis and theramotaxis in Caenorhabditis elegans has revealed the molecular bases of olfaction, taste, and thermosensation, which, in turn, has demonstrated that sensory signaling in C. elegans is very similar to that in vertebrates. A cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (TAX-2/TAX-4) that is highly homologous to the olfactory and photoreceptor channels in vertebrates is required for taste and thermosensation, in addition to olfaction. A cation channel (OSM-9) that is closely related to a capsaicin receptor channel is required for olfactory adaptation in one olfactory neuron and olfactory sensation in the other olfactory neuron. A novel G alpha protein (ODR-3) is essential for olfactory responses in all olfactory neurons and aversive responses in a polymodal sensory neuron. A G protein-coupled seven-transmembrane receptor (ODR-10) is the first olfactory receptor whose ligand was elucidated. Using chemotaxis and thermotaxis as behavioral paradigms, neural plasticity including learning and memory can be studied genetically in C. elegans.
对秀丽隐杆线虫趋化性和趋温性的分子遗传学分析揭示了嗅觉、味觉和温度感觉的分子基础，进而表明秀丽隐杆线虫中的感觉信号传导与脊椎动物中的非常相似。除嗅觉外，味觉和温度感觉还需要一种与脊椎动物嗅觉和光感受器通道高度同源的环核苷酸门控通道（TAX-2/TAX-4）。一种与辣椒素受体通道密切相关的阳离子通道（OSM-9），在一个嗅觉神经元中用于嗅觉适应，在另一个嗅觉神经元中用于嗅觉感觉。一种新型Gα蛋白（ODR-3）对所有嗅觉神经元的嗅觉反应以及多模式感觉神经元的厌恶反应至关重要。一种G蛋白偶联的七跨膜受体（ODR-10）是第一个其配体被阐明的嗅觉受体。利用趋化性和趋温性作为行为范式，可以在秀丽隐杆线虫中通过遗传学方法研究包括学习和记忆在内的神经可塑性。
