Stratton T D, Dunkin J W, Szigeti E, Muus K J
Department of Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.
Appl Nurs Res. 1998 Nov;11(4):183-9. doi: 10.1016/s0897-1897(98)80307-8.
Despite encouraging signs suggesting that many rural hospitals are experiencing less severe staff shortages, the challenge of successfully recruiting nurses to rural practice settings continues to be a major obstacle. Based on a 1993 survey of 164 directors of nursing (DONs) practicing in rural community hospitals, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to cluster 21 DON-rated recruitment barriers into factors associated with nursing delivery, local community, and professional interaction. DONs, most notably those practicing in the smallest rural facilities (< or = 25 beds), reported community-related barriers such as spouse's employment as the most severe obstacles to successful registered nurse (RN) recruitment. However, upon examination conducted by using multiple regression analyses, only those factors related to nursing delivery and professional interaction were found to be statistically significant predictors of existing staff RN full-time equivalency vacancy rates. Given that barriers related to individual nursing staffs are likely to be far more amenable to change than those associated with rural environments, these findings offer encouragement to nursing administrators who are faced with the difficulties of attracting RNs to rural practice settings.
尽管有令人鼓舞的迹象表明许多农村医院的人员短缺情况不那么严重了，但成功招募护士到农村医疗机构工作的挑战仍然是一个主要障碍。基于1993年对164位在农村社区医院工作的护理主任（DONs）的调查，探索性因素分析（EFA）被用于将21个由护理主任评定的招聘障碍聚类为与护理服务、当地社区和专业互动相关的因素。护理主任们，尤其是那些在规模最小的农村医疗机构（床位≤25张）工作的人，报告称与社区相关的障碍，如配偶的就业情况，是成功招聘注册护士（RN）的最严重障碍。然而，通过多元回归分析进行检验时，发现只有那些与护理服务和专业互动相关的因素是现有在职护士全职等效空缺率的统计学显著预测因素。鉴于与个别护理人员相关的障碍可能比与农村环境相关的障碍更容易改变，这些发现为面临吸引注册护士到农村医疗机构工作困难的护理管理人员提供了鼓励。
