Evans S M, Levin F R, Fischman M W, Foltin R W
New York State Psychiatric Institute and Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
J Subst Abuse. 1998;10(2):143-62. doi: 10.1016/s0899-3289(99)80130-8.
There are three purposes for this study: (1) To extend the laboratory study of heavy smoked cocaine use to women, (2) to assess cocaine withdrawal symptoms and (3) to assess the utility of voucher incentives for achieving and maintaining cocaine and other drug abstinence in female cocaine abusers.
Ten non-treatment seeking female cocaine smokers resided inpatient for 4-5 days and could smoke up to 6 doses of cocaine base (50 mg each) twice a day (at 1200 h and again at 1600 h) for 2 consecutive days. During the following 2-week outpatient phase, women were given US $40 in merchandise vouchers if urinalysis indicated lower drug levels from the previous day.
Women self-administered 20.4 out of 24 possible doses. Compared to the 1200 session, heart rate and blood pressure, but not subjective effects, were still significantly increased prior to the 1600 session. Nine women completed the outpatient phase, attending 98% of their appointments. Using the One-Half Rule, 56% of urines indicated no new cocaine or other drug use.
Although a US $40 voucher incentive for a "clean" urine was not sufficient to eliminate cocaine use, the possibility of earning the voucher was sufficient to maintain nearly perfect attendance.
本研究有三个目的：（1）将重度吸食可卡因的实验室研究扩展至女性；（2）评估可卡因戒断症状；（3）评估代金券激励措施在促使女性可卡因滥用者实现并维持可卡因及其他药物戒断方面的效用。
10名未寻求治疗的女性可卡因吸烟者住院4 - 5天，连续2天每天可吸食多达6剂可卡因碱（每剂50毫克），每天两次（12:00一次，16:00再一次）。在接下来的2周门诊阶段，如果尿液分析显示药物水平低于前一天，女性会获得价值40美元的商品代金券。
女性自行服用了24剂中20.4剂。与12:00时段相比，16:00时段前心率和血压仍显著升高，但主观效应未变。9名女性完成了门诊阶段，就诊率达98%。根据减半规则，56%的尿液检测表明没有新的可卡因或其他药物使用。
虽然40美元的“清洁”尿液代金券激励不足以消除可卡因使用，但获得代金券的可能性足以维持几乎完美的就诊率。
