Elner S G
Department of Ophthalmology, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA.
Clin Geriatr Med. 1999 Feb;15(1):25-46, v-vi.
This article addresses retinal causes of gradual painless visual loss in older adults. The most common condition causing gradual vision loss is nonexudative age-related macular degeneration, for which no effective treatment exists. Diabetic retinopathy is another common cause of gradual visual loss in older adults, in which photocoagulation, as well as vitreous surgery, may be helpful in preserving or restoring vision. Macular hole and macular pucker, which may cause central visual loss, are treatable with intraocular surgery, and visual improvement may be achieved in the majority of patients. Inflammatory causes of gradual visual loss in older adults are less common, and may benefit from immunosuppressive therapy.
本文探讨老年人逐渐发生的无痛性视力丧失的视网膜病因。导致视力逐渐丧失的最常见病症是非渗出性年龄相关性黄斑变性，对此尚无有效治疗方法。糖尿病性视网膜病变是老年人视力逐渐丧失的另一个常见原因，其中光凝治疗以及玻璃体手术可能有助于保留或恢复视力。黄斑裂孔和黄斑皱襞可能导致中心视力丧失，可通过眼内手术治疗，大多数患者的视力可得到改善。老年人视力逐渐丧失的炎症性病因较少见，可能受益于免疫抑制治疗。
