Sega R, Cesana G, Bombelli M, Grassi G, Stella M L, Zanchetti A, Mancia G
Cattedra di Medicina Interna I, Centro Studi di Patologia Cronico-Degenerativa, Università di Milano, Ospedale S. Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza (MI), Italy.
J Hypertens. 1998 Nov;16(11):1585-92. doi: 10.1097/00004872-199816110-00004.
Clinic blood pressure values are known to change according to seasonal influences. We therefore examined home and 24 h ambulatory blood pressure values to determine whether these measurements are also affected by the seasons.
In 2051 subjects of the Pressione Arteriose Monitorate E Loro Associazioni (PAMELA) study, we measured clinic (sphygmomanometric measurements), home (semi-automatic device) and ambulatory (Spacelabs 90207) systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate. Because the overall sample was evenly distributed over each month (except August), we were able to make a cross-sectional determination of whether the values differed between seasons. The corresponding heart rates were also evaluated.
As expected, summer was associated with the lowest clinic blood pressure and winter with the highest, and this was the case also for home and 24 h average blood pressure, although seasonal differences in the latter were less pronounced. Seasonal clinic, home and ambulatory blood pressure patterns were similar for normotensive subjects (n = 1152), untreated hypertensives (n = 540) and treated hypertensives (n = 359). Heart rate values did not differ by season.
Seasonal influences on blood pressure are not limited to conventional measurements but characterize daily values as well. These effects are visible in both normal and elevated blood pressure values, regardless of the effect of antihypertensive drugs. This has implications both for the clinician and for studies aimed at evaluating the effects of antihypertensive treatment.
已知临床血压值会随季节影响而变化。因此，我们检查了家庭血压值和24小时动态血压值，以确定这些测量值是否也受季节影响。
在动脉血压监测及其关联研究（PAMELA）的2051名受试者中，我们测量了临床血压（使用血压计测量）、家庭血压（使用半自动设备）和动态血压（使用太空实验室90207设备）的收缩压、舒张压和心率。由于总体样本在每个月（8月除外）均匀分布，我们能够对各季节间的值是否存在差异进行横断面测定。同时也评估了相应的心率。
正如预期的那样，夏季临床血压最低，冬季最高，家庭血压和24小时平均血压也是如此，尽管后者的季节差异不太明显。血压正常的受试者（n = 1152）、未经治疗的高血压患者（n = 540）和接受治疗的高血压患者（n = 359）的临床、家庭和动态血压的季节模式相似。心率值在各季节无差异。
季节对血压的影响不仅限于传统测量，日常血压值也有体现。无论是否使用降压药物，这些影响在正常血压值和高血压值中均可见。这对临床医生和旨在评估降压治疗效果的研究均有影响。
