Endo M
Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi. 1976 Jan;51(1):40-52.
Distribution and disappearance of ethylalcohol (ethanol) were studied using either human blood in vitro or blood sampling or corpse blood after premortal ethanol ingestion. 1) Ethanol is distributed among plasma and blood cells according to a partition law. The partition coefficient was found to vary depending upon ethanol concentration and corpse phenomenon post mortum. 2) Ratio of plasma ethanol concentration to blood cells increases below 0.5 mg/ml and decreases above 0.5 mg/ml of ethanol concentration in the whole blood. The ratio was found to be more smaller in the corpse blood. The concentration ratio in blood cells to whole blood varies in a similar fashion. 3) Accuracy of determination of ethanol levels in the corpse whole blood was not always satisfactory, partly because distribution of ethanol in the blood varies postmortum and partly because ratio of plasma to blood cells also varies. Some attempts were made using statistical manipulations of hematocrit values or ratios of plasma to whole blood, to correct the errors without recommendable success. 4) After deliberabe evaluation of errors, possibly incurred when the value post mortum is used instead of the premortal values, it is concluded that the postmortal value can be used as an indicator of premortal ebriety within the reasonable limit of errors. 5) No changes in the distribution of ethanol were observed within 24 hours when the blood is kept in ice box immediately after sampling, and also in the blood ethanol concentration for at least 20 days under similar conditions. In contrast, blood samples, if left at room temperature, deteriorate rapidly within 5 days.
利用体外人体血液、血液采样或生前摄入乙醇后的尸体血液，对乙醇（酒精）的分布和消失情况进行了研究。1）乙醇根据分配定律在血浆和血细胞之间分布。发现分配系数会因乙醇浓度和死后尸体现象而有所不同。2）在全血乙醇浓度低于0.5mg/ml时，血浆乙醇浓度与血细胞的比值会升高；而在乙醇浓度高于0.5mg/ml时，该比值会降低。在尸体血液中发现该比值更小。血细胞与全血的浓度比也以类似方式变化。3）尸体全血中乙醇水平测定的准确性并不总是令人满意，部分原因是乙醇在死后血液中的分布会发生变化，部分原因是血浆与血细胞的比例也会改变。有人尝试通过对血细胞比容值或血浆与全血的比例进行统计处理来校正误差，但未取得理想效果。4）在仔细评估使用死后值而非生前值可能产生的误差后，得出结论：在合理的误差范围内，死后值可作为生前醉酒程度的指标。5）采样后立即将血液保存在冰盒中，24小时内乙醇分布未观察到变化，在类似条件下，血液乙醇浓度至少20天也未发生变化。相比之下，若将血样置于室温下，5天内会迅速变质。
