Kollins S H, Rush C R, Pazzaglia P J, Ali J A
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216, USA.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 1998 Nov;6(4):367-74. doi: 10.1037//1064-1297.6.4.367.
The rate of onset of a drug's effect is an important determinant of its abuse potential. This experiment examined the acute behavioral effects of orally administered sustained-release methylphenidate (SR; 20-40 mg), immediate-release methylphenidate (IR; 20-40 mg), and placebo in 10 healthy volunteers. Drug effects were assessed before drug administration and periodically afterwards for 6 hr using drug-effect questionnaires and performance measures that are sensitive to the acute effects of stimulants. The IR formulation produced stimulant-like drug effects (e.g., increased ratings of "good effects") that generally varied as a function of dose and time. The SR formulation produced only transient effects on these measures. These findings are consistent with previous research on the influence of rate of onset using other drugs and suggest that the abuse potential of IR methylphenidate may be greater than that of SR methylphenidate.
药物起效速度是其滥用可能性的一个重要决定因素。本实验研究了口服缓释哌甲酯（SR；20 - 40毫克）、速释哌甲酯（IR；20 - 40毫克）和安慰剂对10名健康志愿者的急性行为影响。在给药前以及给药后6小时内定期使用对兴奋剂急性效应敏感的药物效应问卷和行为表现指标来评估药物效果。速释制剂产生了类似兴奋剂的药物效应（例如，“良好效应”评分增加），这些效应通常随剂量和时间而变化。缓释制剂对这些指标仅产生短暂效应。这些发现与之前使用其他药物对起效速度影响的研究一致，表明速释哌甲酯的滥用可能性可能大于缓释哌甲酯。
