Murphy M R
Brain Res. 1976 Aug 20;113(1):95-110. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(76)90009-3.
The Syrian golden hamster exhibits territorial aggression in a laboratory setting, attacking much more when in the home cage than in the cage of another hamster. In expt. 1 it was found that female hamster vaginal discharge (FHVD) greatly inhibits the territorial aggression of males. In expt. 2 it was found that hamster territorial aggression is almost completely eliminated by bilateral olfactory bulbectomy but is unaffected by unilateral olfactory bulbectomy. However, bilateral olfactory bulbectomized (BOB) hamsters fought back normally if attacked first. Blinding increased the territorial aggression of male hamsters. In expt. 3 a peripheral means of impairing olfaction was used. The results suggest that it is the olfactory impairment, rather than the loss of some hypothetical non-sensory functions of the olfactory bulbs, that causes the elimination of territorial aggression after olfactory bulbectomy. Because of the extensive secondary and tertiary olfactory projections to the limbic forebrain and hypothalamus, and because most laboratory mammals are macro-osmatic, the nature and degree of olfactory control should be an important consideration in studies on the neural basis of social behavior.
叙利亚金黄地鼠在实验室环境中表现出领地攻击性，在自己的笼子里时比在另一只地鼠的笼子里攻击性更强。在实验1中发现，雌性地鼠阴道分泌物（FHVD）能极大地抑制雄性地鼠的领地攻击性。在实验2中发现，双侧嗅球切除几乎能完全消除地鼠的领地攻击性，但单侧嗅球切除对其没有影响。然而，双侧嗅球切除的（BOB）地鼠如果首先受到攻击，会正常反击。致盲会增加雄性地鼠的领地攻击性。在实验3中使用了一种损害嗅觉的外周方法。结果表明，是嗅觉受损，而非嗅球某些假设的非感觉功能丧失，导致嗅球切除后领地攻击性消失。由于嗅觉向边缘前脑和下丘脑有广泛的二级和三级投射，且大多数实验哺乳动物是大嗅觉动物，在研究社会行为的神经基础时，嗅觉控制的性质和程度应是一个重要的考虑因素。
