Bouhour J B
Service de cardiologie, hôpital G. et R. Laënnec, Nantes.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 1998 Nov;91(11):1407-10.
Chronic cardiac failure is a common complication of coronary artery disease and hypertension. It is observed above all in the elderly and represents a high public health cost, mainly due to hospital admissions. The education of patients with cardiac failure, and their families', will contribute to an improved cost/efficacy ratio of the management of this pathology. This educative process comprises a simple description of cardiac failure, its symptoms and aetiologies. Dietary advice is very important (salt intake, drinks...). Physical exercise, which is not contraindicated, should be adapted to the degree of functional impairment and the same applies to travelling and voyages. Medical treatment should be clearly explained, mode of action, dosage, expected benefit, side effects... Finally, the possible progression of the disease should be explained if arrangements have to be made. The possibility of cardiac transplantation should be discussed if the subject is young. Although the risk of sudden death is not usually spoken about, this common complication of cardiac failure justifies consideration and widespread instruction of cardiopulmonary ressuscitation.
慢性心力衰竭是冠状动脉疾病和高血压的常见并发症。这种疾病在老年人中尤为常见，并且由于住院治疗，给公共卫生带来了高昂的成本。对心力衰竭患者及其家属进行教育，将有助于提高这种病症治疗的性价比。这个教育过程包括对心力衰竭、其症状和病因的简单描述。饮食建议非常重要（盐的摄入量、饮品……）。在没有禁忌的情况下，体育锻炼应根据功能受损程度进行调整，旅行也同样如此。应清楚地向患者解释药物治疗的作用方式、剂量、预期疗效、副作用……最后，如果需要做出相关安排，应向患者解释疾病可能的进展情况。对于年轻患者，应讨论心脏移植的可能性。尽管通常不会提及猝死风险，但作为心力衰竭的常见并发症，有必要对此加以考虑并广泛开展心肺复苏培训。
