Guex-Crosier Y
Hôpital ophtalmique Jules Gonin, Lausanne.
Rev Med Suisse Romande. 1998 Nov;118(11):941-7.
Ocular complication of AIDS are seen in about 75% of patients. Viral infections are predominant and can involve either external segment in the eye (Herpes type 8 in Kaposi sarcoma, molluscum contagiosum, Herpes simplex and zoster), or the posterior segment of the eye (CMV retinitis). The introduction of a Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) which associates two reverse transcriptase inhibitors and one antiprotease has changed the evolution of AIDS. The decrease of onset of CMV retinitis in AIDS patient is one of the best exemple. For the first time it was possible to stop the maintenance therapy against CMV retinitis in patients that have a sufficient increase in CD4+ cells and they did not present any relapse of CMV retinitis. But an increase of ocular inflammation can be observed with the onset of HAART such as uveitis or cystoid macular edema.
约75%的艾滋病患者会出现眼部并发症。病毒感染最为常见，可累及眼部的外段（卡波西肉瘤中的8型疱疹、传染性软疣、单纯疱疹和带状疱疹）或眼后段（巨细胞病毒视网膜炎）。高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）联合两种逆转录酶抑制剂和一种抗蛋白酶的应用改变了艾滋病的发展进程。艾滋病患者中巨细胞病毒视网膜炎发病率的降低就是最好的例证之一。首次有可能在CD4+细胞充分增加且未出现巨细胞病毒视网膜炎复发的患者中停止针对巨细胞病毒视网膜炎的维持治疗。但随着HAART的开始，可观察到眼部炎症增加，如葡萄膜炎或黄斑囊样水肿。
