Thompson M P, Kaslow N J, Kingree J B, King M, Bryant L, Rey M
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
J Clin Child Psychol. 1998 Dec;27(4):434-41. doi: 10.1207/s15374424jccp2704_7.
Examined the psychological correlates related to experiencing the death of a parent, the main and interactive effects of sex, race, and age on youth distress and the degree of cross-informant correspondence on the outcome measures. The predominately minority sample included 80 bereaved youth and 45 nonbereaved youth. Youth and their legal guardians completed a battery of questionnaires, including measures assessing the youth's psychological symptomatology. Results revealed that bereaved youth manifested greater psychological and behavior problems than their nonbereaved counterparts on guardian-reported measures (Child Behavior Checklist [CBCL]). The clinical significance of parental death experienced during childhood is indicated by the magnitude of distress exhibited by the bereaved sample; almost one quarter of bereaved youth scored in the clinical distress range (T score > or = 63) on the CBCL Externalizing and Internalizing Distress scales. The effect of parental death on guardian-reported externalizing distress was moderated by race, such that distress levels did not significantly differ between bereaved and nonbereaved minority youth but did differ significantly among bereaved and nonbereaved nonminority youth. Finally, the degree of cross-informant agreement was relatively low but consistent with prior studies. Study implications for interventions with bereaved youth and directions for future research are discussed.
研究了与经历父母死亡相关的心理关联、性别、种族和年龄对青少年痛苦的主要及交互作用，以及结果测量指标上跨信息提供者一致性的程度。主要为少数族裔的样本包括80名丧亲青少年和45名非丧亲青少年。青少年及其法定监护人完成了一系列问卷，包括评估青少年心理症状的测量指标。结果显示，在监护人报告的测量指标（儿童行为检查表[CBCL]）上，丧亲青少年比非丧亲青少年表现出更多的心理和行为问题。丧亲样本所表现出的痛苦程度表明了童年时期经历父母死亡的临床意义；几乎四分之一的丧亲青少年在CBCL外化和内化痛苦量表上的得分处于临床痛苦范围（T分≥63）。父母死亡对监护人报告的外化痛苦的影响因种族而异，即丧亲与非丧亲的少数族裔青少年之间的痛苦水平没有显著差异，但丧亲与非丧亲的非少数族裔青少年之间存在显著差异。最后，跨信息提供者的一致程度相对较低，但与先前的研究一致。讨论了该研究对丧亲青少年干预措施的启示以及未来研究的方向。
