Photorefractive keratectomy for -1.25 to -25.00 diopters of myopia.

BACKGROUND

We evaluated prospectively the efficacy, predictability, stability, and safety of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia.

METHODS

Three hundred sixty-nine eyes of 257 patients were treated with an Aesculap-Meditec MEL 60 excimer laser. Treated eyes were divided into 3 groups: low myopes (-1.25 to -6.00 D), 226 eyes; medium myopes (-6.10 to -10.00 D), 104 eyes; high myopes (-10.10 to -25.00 D), 39 eyes. Follow-up at 12 months was available for 348 eyes (94%).

RESULTS

One year after surgery the number of eyes within +/- 1.00 D of emmetropia was 182 (86.7%) for low myopes, 43 (40.5%) for medium myopes, and 12 (30.8%) for high myopes. Values for +/- 0.50 D were low: 142 (67.6%), medium: 29 (29.3%), and high: 9 (23.1%). Three eyes with low myopia (1.4%) and 5 eyes with medium myopia (5.1%) lost 2 or more lines of spectacle-corrected visual acuity. None of the high myopes lost 2 or more lines. Uncorrected visual acuity of 20/20 or better was achieved in 82 eyes (39%) with low myopia; 20/40 or better was achieved in 183 eyes (87.1%). Five eyes (5.1%) of medium myopes achieved 20/20 or better; 52 eyes (52.5%) with medium myopia achieved 20/40 or better. Zero eyes with high myopia achieved 20/20 or better; 11 eyes (28.8%) achieved 20/40 or better.

CONCLUSION

Photorefractive keratectomy proved to be an effective method to correct myopia up to -6.00 D. For myopia greater than -6.00 D, good results were achieved in most eyes when myopia was less than -10.00 D, but efficacy and predictability decrease. To avoid systematic undercorrection, slight overcorrection must be attempted with the Aesculap-Meditec MEL 60 excimer laser for the treatment of myopia.