Fligstein D, Barabasz A, Barabasz M, Trevisan M S, Warner D
Hypnosis Laboratory, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-2136, USA.
Am J Clin Hypn. 1998 Apr;40(4):297-305. doi: 10.1080/00029157.1998.10403441.
Visual memory recall in hypnosis was investigated. To address criterion shift problems in previous studies, both forced and non-forced recall procedures were used. Previous methodological weaknesses with regard to hypnotizability and hypnotic depth were also addressed. Over 300 volunteers were screened for hypnotizability using the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility: Form A (Shor & Orne, 1962). Final high and low hypnotizability groups were selected using the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale: Form C (Weitzenhoffer & Hilgard, 1962). Participants in each hypnotizability group were randomly assigned to either forced or non-forced recall conditions and to hypnosis or waking conditions. Participants were shown 60 slides of line drawings and then tested immediately in 3 recall periods. Analysis of variance results showed that those exposed to hypnosis and to a forced recall procedure were significantly more confident of their responses to correct items than those exposed to a non-forced recall procedure or a waking condition. Participants exposed to hypnosis and forced recall procedures recalled more correct items than those exposed to a waking condition. The findings support the hypermnesic effects of hypnosis when participants are required to provide a fixed number of responses.
对催眠状态下的视觉记忆回忆进行了研究。为了解决以往研究中的标准转换问题，采用了强制回忆和非强制回忆程序。还解决了以往在催眠易感性和催眠深度方面的方法学弱点。使用哈佛团体催眠易感性量表A版（肖尔和奥恩，1962年）对300多名志愿者进行了催眠易感性筛查。最终的高催眠易感性组和低催眠易感性组是使用斯坦福催眠易感性量表C版（魏岑霍费尔和希尔加德，1962年）选定的。每个催眠易感性组的参与者被随机分配到强制或非强制回忆条件以及催眠或清醒条件。向参与者展示了60张线条画幻灯片，然后在3个回忆阶段立即进行测试。方差分析结果表明，与那些处于非强制回忆程序或清醒状态的参与者相比，处于催眠状态和强制回忆程序下的参与者对其对正确项目的回答更有信心。处于催眠状态和强制回忆程序下的参与者比处于清醒状态的参与者回忆出更多正确项目。研究结果支持了在要求参与者提供固定数量回答时催眠的记忆增强效应。
