Hoff P
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Aachen (RWTH), Germany.
Int J Law Psychiatry. 1998 Fall;21(4):343-53. doi: 10.1016/s0160-2527(98)00025-9.
Kraepelin's main positions in forensic psychiatry, that are understandable only in the context of his underlying psychiatric and, especially, nosological theory, are the following: (1) Criminal behavior, especially if repeatedly shown by the same individual, should be regarded as (or, in the strongest version possible, is) mental illness; (2) above all, this viewpoint is due to Kraepelin's broad acceptance of degeneration theory in general, whereas he rejected simplifying concepts like Lombroso's early hypothesis of clinically observable "stigmata degenerations"; (3) Kraepelin voted for the acceptance of diminished responsibility to provide a more differentiated spectrum for the psychiatric expert and the judge; (4) because delinquency, in his view, was closely linked with mental illness, which should be treated instead of (only) being punished, he strictly objected to the death penalty; and (5) he suggested significantly increasing psychiatry's influence on decisions regarding the kind and length of imprisonment.
克雷佩林在法医精神病学中的主要观点，只有在其基础精神病学理论尤其是疾病分类学理论的背景下才能够理解，具体如下：（1）犯罪行为，尤其是同一人反复实施的犯罪行为，应被视为（或者，在最极端的情况下，就是）精神疾病；（2）最重要的是，这一观点源于克雷佩林总体上对退化理论的广泛接受，而他拒绝了诸如隆布罗索早期关于临床上可观察到的“退化特征”的简化概念；（3）克雷佩林主张接受减轻责任原则，以便为精神病学专家和法官提供更具区分性的范围；（4）在他看来，犯罪与精神疾病密切相关，精神疾病应接受治疗而非（仅仅）受到惩罚，因此他坚决反对死刑；（5）他建议大幅增强精神病学在关于监禁种类和时长的决策方面的影响力。
