Erber J
J Comp Physiol Psychol. 1976 Jan;90(1):41-6. doi: 10.1037/h0077258.
After a single reward on a spectral color, freely flying honeybees show retrograde amnesia when an electroconvulsive shock, CO2 narcosis, N2 narcosis, or cooling (to 1 degrees C) is applied after learning. Retrograde amnesia is measurable with these four treatments up to 7 min after the reward. For none of the treatments was a consistent relationship found between the reaction tested and the time of testing after the treatment. Prolonged application of the four treatments leads to a significant increase in the rate of retrograde amnesia only after CO2 narcosis. Memory in the honeybee is susceptible to impairment until 15 min after the reward.
在光谱颜色上单次给予奖励后，当在学习后施加电惊厥休克、二氧化碳麻醉、氮气麻醉或冷却（至1摄氏度）时，自由飞行的蜜蜂会表现出逆行性遗忘。在奖励后的7分钟内，通过这四种处理方法都可以测量到逆行性遗忘。在任何一种处理方法中，都未发现所测试的反应与处理后测试时间之间存在一致的关系。仅在二氧化碳麻醉后，长时间应用这四种处理方法会导致逆行性遗忘率显著增加。蜜蜂的记忆在奖励后的15分钟内都容易受到损害。
