Horn H, Machmerth R, Witthauer J
J Hyg Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol. 1976;20(2):164-70.
Regarding to ignorance of germ thermoresistance occurring in hospital environment, the effect of sterilization in medicine is determined occasionally on samples of medium with high number of germs or tests are performed to determine the sterilization success (in pharmacy) by examining samples of sterile badges, although their degrees of contamination (mostly low) before sterilization are not known. Instead of fixed sterilization parameters, the new second Pharmacopoeia of the German Democratic Republic (1976 seqq.) allows a free choise of sterilization parameters ingeniously spaced (110 degrees C--140 degrees C vapour, 160 degrees C--200 degrees C hot air) according to diagrams. The mentioned methods both imperfect and expensive ones should be replaced by introducing sterilization indicators whose changes might render the designation "sterile" possible. Substantial differencies between biological and chemical indicators are shown.
由于对医院环境中微生物耐热性的忽视，医学上的灭菌效果偶尔是根据含有大量微生物的培养基样本确定的，或者在药剂学中，通过检查无菌指示物的样本来确定灭菌是否成功，尽管在灭菌前它们的污染程度（大多较低）并不清楚。德国民主共和国新的第二部药典（1976年及以后版本）没有采用固定的灭菌参数，而是允许根据图表巧妙地选择间隔合适的灭菌参数（110摄氏度至140摄氏度蒸汽，160摄氏度至200摄氏度热空气）。上述方法既不完善又昂贵，应该通过引入灭菌指示剂来取代，其变化可能使“无菌”的认定成为可能。文中展示了生物指示剂和化学指示剂之间的显著差异。
