Neiburger E J, Cohen M, Lieberman J, Lieberman M
N Y State Dent J. 1998 Nov;64(9):25-9.
Ancient Mesopotamia (southern Iraq) in 2000 B.C. was the home of the biblical figure Abraham and his people. An analysis of skeletal material from cemeteries in the ancient cities of Ur (birthplace of Abraham) and Kish shows a homogeneous, short-lived population that suffered severe dental attrition (95 percent of inhabitants), periodontal disease (42 percent) and caries (two percent). Many oral congenital and neoplastic lesions were noted Skeletal (dental) evidence indicates the population suffered from extensive disease and nutritional deficiency. Of special note was a possible case of endodontic treatment. The people of Abraham had modern dentition but relatively poor dental health. It is probable that Abraham, if in truth he existed, left Mesopotamia because of the threat of famine, as evidenced by biblical record, geologic strata and dental analysis.
公元前2000年的古代美索不达米亚（伊拉克南部）是圣经人物亚伯拉罕及其族人的家园。对古代城市乌尔（亚伯拉罕的出生地）和基什墓地骨骼材料的分析显示，该人群同质化且寿命短暂，患有严重的牙齿磨损（95%的居民）、牙周病（42%）和龋齿（2%）。还发现了许多口腔先天性和肿瘤性病变。骨骼（牙齿）证据表明该人群患有广泛疾病和营养缺乏。特别值得注意的是一例可能的牙髓治疗病例。亚伯拉罕的族人拥有现代牙列，但牙齿健康状况相对较差。如果亚伯拉罕确有其人，很可能是由于饥荒威胁而离开美索不达米亚的，圣经记载、地质地层和牙齿分析都证明了这一点。
