Turano K A, Geruschat D R, Stahl J W
Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Optom Vis Sci. 1998 Dec;75(12):879-86. doi: 10.1097/00006324-199812000-00010.
To determine whether retinitis pigmentosa (RP) increases the mental effort required for walking.
A dual-task methodology was used; walking speed and reaction time (RT) to randomly emitted tones were measured in 13 persons with RP and 29 persons with normal vision. Measures of RT were used to estimate the mental effort required for walking. In a second experiment, 15 persons with RP and 17 persons with normal vision navigated a "simple" and a "complex" route.
The RP subjects had longer RT compared with the normal-vision subjects when walking the complex but not the simple route. Normalized to each person's baseline, RT while walking the complex route was significantly correlated with log contrast sensitivity (r = -0.63) and log retinal area (r = -0.64) in the RP group. The amount of mental effort required for walking was shown to also depend on familiarity with the route.
Route complexity is critical in determining whether walking requires more mental effort for persons with RP than for persons with normal vision. The magnitude of mental effort required for mobility covaries with the visual impairment measures which correlate with mobility performance in RP.
确定视网膜色素变性（RP）是否会增加行走所需的脑力。
采用双任务方法；测量了13名RP患者和29名视力正常者的行走速度以及对随机发出音调的反应时间（RT）。RT测量值用于估计行走所需的脑力。在第二个实验中，15名RP患者和17名视力正常者分别沿着“简单”和“复杂”路线行走。
在走复杂路线而非简单路线时，RP受试者的RT比视力正常的受试者更长。以每个人的基线进行标准化后，RP组在走复杂路线时的RT与对数对比敏感度（r = -0.63）和对数视网膜面积（r = -0.64）显著相关。结果表明，行走所需的脑力还取决于对路线的熟悉程度。
路线复杂性对于确定RP患者行走是否比视力正常者需要更多脑力至关重要。行动所需的脑力大小与视觉损伤测量值相关，而这些测量值与RP患者的行动能力表现相关。
