Caps M T
University of Washington, Department of Surgery, Seattle 98195-6410, USA.
Semin Vasc Surg. 1998 Dec;11(4):227-31.
The study of blood vessel injury has largely focused on diagnosis, treatment, and the outcome of treatment. Although the epidemiology of trauma in general has been extensively studied and reported, the specific epidemiology of vascular injury has not. This report includes a general discussion of the incidence of and risk factors associated with injury to blood vessels. Vascular injury epidemiology has been studied in three different settings: military conflicts, large urban centers, and to a lesser extent, in rural areas. There has been an increase in the incidence of vascular injury in the United States over the past four decades that has paralleled the increase in assault with firearms, motor vehicle crashes, and invasive medical procedures. Mortality and the utilization of medical resources is higher among patients with vascular injury than among trauma patients without blood vessel injuries. There are well-documented differences in the demographics of blood vessel injury in urban versus rural settings. The mechanisms of injury (penetrating, blunt, iatrogenic) are associated with characteristic anatomic patterns of vascular and other organ system injury.
血管损伤的研究主要集中在诊断、治疗以及治疗结果方面。尽管总体创伤的流行病学已得到广泛研究和报道，但血管损伤的具体流行病学情况尚未得到研究。本报告包括对血管损伤发生率及相关危险因素的一般性讨论。血管损伤流行病学已在三种不同环境中进行了研究：军事冲突、大型城市中心，以及在较小程度上的农村地区。在过去四十年中，美国血管损伤的发生率有所上升，这与枪支袭击、机动车碰撞以及侵入性医疗程序的增加情况相平行。血管损伤患者的死亡率和医疗资源利用率高于无血管损伤的创伤患者。城市与农村环境中血管损伤的人口统计学特征存在有据可查的差异。损伤机制（穿透性、钝性、医源性）与血管及其他器官系统损伤的特征性解剖模式相关。
